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歷年英語(yǔ)六級(jí)選詞填空真題答案：尼日利亞西紅柿減產(chǎn)

　　【題目】

　　Directions：In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage though carefully before making your choice. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

　　In the past 12 months, Nigeria has suffered from a shrinking economy, a sliding currency, and a prolonged fuel shortage. Now, Africa’s largest economy is facing a food crisis as major tomato fields have been destroyed by an insect, leading to a nationwide shortage and escalating prices.

　　The insect, Tutaabsoluta, has destroyed 80% of farms in Kaduna, Nigeria’s largest tomato-producing state, leading the government there to declare a state of 26 .The insect, also known as the tomato leaf miner, devastates crops by 27 on fruits and digging into and moving through stalks. It 28 incredibly quickly, breeding up to 12 generations per year if conditions are favorable. It is believed to have 29 in South America in the early 1900s, and later spread to Europe before crossing over to sub-Saharan America.

　　In Nigeria, where tomatoes are a staple of local diets, the insect’s effects are devastating. Retail prices for a 30 of tomatoes at local markets have risen from $0.50 to $2.50. Farmers are reporting steep losses and a new $20 million tomato-paste factory has 31 production due to the shortages.

　　Given the moth’s ability also to attack crops like pepper and potatoes, Audu Ogbeh, Nigeria’s minister of agriculture, has warned that the pest may “create serious problems for food 32 “in the country. Ogbeh says experts are investigating how to control the pest’s damage and prevent its spread, which has gone largely 33 until now.

　　Despite being the continent’s second-largest producer of tomatoes, Nigeria is 34 on $1 billion worth of tomato-paste imports every year, as around 75% of the local harvest goes to waste thanks to a lack of proper storage facilities. A further 35 in local supplies is yet another unwelcome setback to the industry.

　　【答案】

　　26. C) emergency

　　27. D) feeding

　　28. K) reproduces

　　29. I) originated

　　30. G) handful

　　31. F) halted

　　32. L) security

　　33. N) unchecked

　　34. A) dependent

　　35. J) reduction

　　【解析】

　　26. 根據(jù)介詞后面需要搭配名詞或動(dòng)名詞的原則，可知此空格處應(yīng)填入名詞結(jié)構(gòu)，再根據(jù)前文語(yǔ)境中的destroy等詞匯鎖定答案為emergency，這里的a state of emergency，意為緊急狀態(tài)。

　　27. 根據(jù)and所連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)中詞形一致的原則，可知該空格應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞形式，才能和后文的digging以及moving形成并列結(jié)構(gòu)，因此備選項(xiàng)中有兩個(gè)符合要求，一個(gè)是feeding，一個(gè)是embarking，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)該選feeding，feed除了表示“喂養(yǎng)”的含義之外，還表示蟲子進(jìn)食;而embark的意思是“開始從事;登船”，與語(yǔ)境明顯不符合。綜上，故答案為feeding。

　　28. 根據(jù)主謂一致原則，確認(rèn)該空格應(yīng)在帶有單數(shù)第三人稱的動(dòng)詞中進(jìn)行選擇，符合要求的只有reproduces和grazes;再根據(jù)前后文語(yǔ)義應(yīng)該填入 reproduces繁殖。

　　29. 根據(jù)句法知識(shí)和詞性搭配，該空格應(yīng)該填入過去分詞形式，再根據(jù)空格后表示時(shí)間的若干詞匯以及l(fā)ater spread，將答案鎖定為 originated起源。

　　30. 根據(jù)詞性搭配原則，此處應(yīng)該填入可以表示數(shù)量的名詞，故而在handful和multitude之間進(jìn)行選擇，再根據(jù)前后文語(yǔ)境都在講“西紅柿的產(chǎn)量因蟲災(zāi)而大幅減少”這個(gè)語(yǔ)境，將答案確定為handful, a handful of tomatoes，一捧西紅柿。

　　31. 根據(jù)句法知識(shí)和詞性搭配，該空格應(yīng)該填入過去分詞形式，再結(jié)合后文“由于缺少西紅柿”，可知結(jié)果應(yīng)該是“番茄醬工廠停產(chǎn)”，故答案應(yīng)該是halted，halt停止，相當(dāng)于stop。

　　32. 根據(jù)介賓搭配原則，此處應(yīng)該填入名詞，再根據(jù)前文語(yǔ)義將答案確定為security，food security 食品安全。

　　33. 根據(jù)句法知識(shí)和詞性搭配，該空格應(yīng)該填入過去分詞形式，再結(jié)合前文語(yǔ)境，可知答案為unchecked，未受制止的;聽之任之的。

　　34. 根據(jù)主系表原則，該空格應(yīng)該填入形容詞，再結(jié)合介詞on，可知答案為dependent，be dependent on 依賴。

　　35. 根據(jù)主謂賓基本原則以及詞性搭配，可知該空格處應(yīng)該是全句主語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)該在名詞之間進(jìn)行選擇，再根據(jù)語(yǔ)義，只有“reduction減少”符合。

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