2004年6月大學(xué)四級(jí)考前預(yù)測(cè)模擬試卷6

Part Ⅰ

Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a third voice will ask a question about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil. ��

Example: You will hear:��

You will read: ��

A) At the office. B) In the waiting room.��

C) At the airport. D) In a restaurant. ��

From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they have to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore A“At the office” is the best answer. You should choose answer A on the Answer Sheet and blacken it with a pencil. ��

Sample Answer ［A］[KG-1*5]—［B］［C］［D］��

1. A) Twenty-five dollars. B) Twenty dollars.

C) Forty dollars. D) Fifty dollars. ��

2 . A) To go to the French restaurant.

B) To try a new restaurant.��

C) To visit a friend.

D) To stay at home. ��

3. A) Easy-going and friendly. B) Very nervous.��

C) Angry. D) Not easy-going. ��

4. A) He plays jazz music. B) He is a jazz fan.��

C) He needs 300 jazz records. D) He likes classical music. ��

5. A) At a post office. B) At a bank.��

C) At a restaurant. D) At an airport. ��

6. A) He was sacred. B) He was upset.��

C) He hasn't got a car. D) He is glad to drive her there. ��

7. A) Lending money to a student. B) Filling a form.��

C) Reading a student's application. D) Asking for some financial aid. 8. A) 12:30. B) 11:30. C) 12:00. D) 11:00.��

9.A) Skiing. B) Tennis. C) Swimming. D) Golf.��

10.A) Sick. B) Comfortable. C) Better. D) Fine.��

Section B

Compound Dictation

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 11 to 17 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 18 to 20 you are required to fill in the missing information. You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. ��

Very high waves are destructive when they 11 ____ the land. Fortunately, this 12 ____ happens. One reason is that out at sea, waves moving in one direction almost always run into waves moving in a different direction. The two __ 13 __ of waves tend to cancel each other out. Another reason is that water is __ 14 __ near the shore. As a wave gets closer to land, the shallow __ 15 __ helps reduce its __ 16 __. ��

But the power of waves striking the shore can still be very great. During a winter gale, waves sometimes strike the __ 17 __ with the force of 6,000 pounds for each square foot. That means a wave, 25 feet high and 500 feet along its face, may __ 18 __.��

Yet __ 19 __. During the most raging storms, __ 20 __.�お�

PartⅡ

Reading Comprehension

Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. ��

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage: ��

In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that while variety certainly makes the workers' life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, the variety is not an important factor. ��

Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to create it. Another important consideration is how much each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one small part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem that not only is the degree of workers' contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about.��

To what extent more money led to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is important. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them. ��

21. Which of these possible factors leading to greater productivity is not true? A) To make jobs more varied.��

B) To give the worker freedom to do his job in his own way.��

C) Degree of work contribution.��

D) Demands for longer working hours. ��

22. Why workers want more money?��

A) Because their jobs are too boring.��

B) In order to enjoy more spare time.��

C) To make their jobs more interesting.��

D) To demand shorter working hours. ��

23 . The last sentence in this passage means that if we succeed in making workers' jobs more interesting __.��

A) they will want more money��

B) they will demand shorter working hours��

C) more money and shorter working hours are important factors��

D) more money and shorter working hours will not be so important to them ��

24 . In this passage, the author tells us __.��

A) how to make the workers more productive��

B) possible factors leading to greater efficiency��

C) to a certain extent more money lead to greater productivity��

D) how to make workers' jobs more interesting ��

25 . The author of this passage is probably a __.��

A) teacher B) worker C) manager D) physicist ��

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage: ��

Over the past decade, the environmental movement has exploded onto the mind of mainstream consumers, a fact not lost on marketers and advertisers. Green advertising started in the mid-1980s when issues of the environment muscled their way to the forefront of marketing. Advertisers saw the consumer desire for environmentally safe products and tried to meet the demand as quickly as possible. Not surprisingly, this first wave suffered from rough and poorly conceived marketing efforts. Many advertisers embraced a genuine concern for the environment. But consumers realized that some companies made false claims and exploited the movement, using such nebulous (模糊的)terms as “environmentally friendly” and “green.”��

Consumers grew wary of environmental appeals, and advertisers reacted by reducing its emphasis. To avoid future trouble, many companies waited for state and federal governments to define terms and provide legal guidelines, which paved the road to a second wave. In 1992 the Federal Trade Commission established guidelines for green marketing, followed shortly by state governments. California passed particularly strict laws, setting definitions for terms like “ozone friendly,” “biodegradable,” and “recycled.”��

According to the state's court, “California seeks to guard against potentially specious claims or ecological puffery (吹捧) about products with minimal environmental attributes.” Texas, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Tennessee, Connecticut, and Washington soon followed the Golden State's lead. The rigid regulations have left a number of advertisers confused and frustrated, although some feel that environmental claims have already peaked and are on their way out. Some believe that we've now entered green advertising's third wave, where environmental concern is now part of the mainstream.��

26 . What were some early problems with Green advertisements?��

A) They were expensive. B) No one believed them.��

C) They were unsuccessful. D) They were often deceptive. ��

27. What was the response by consumers?��

A) Consumers were responsible.��

B) Consumers were hostile.��

C) Consumers didn't care all the time.��

D) Consumers got tired of it. ��

28 . How did Green advertisements change after the first wave?��

A) They became more popular.��

B) They were more regulated.��

C) They became better produced.��

D) They became less honest. ��

29. When did the green third wave come?��

A) When environmental concern rise.��

B) When advertisers are self-regulating themselves.��

C) When advertisements become very regulated.��

D) When the mainstream also becomes concerned about it. ��

30. Which of the following state takes the lead in guarding against ecological puffery of products with minimal environmental attributes?��

A) Massachusetts. B) Texas. C) California.　 D) Connecticut.

��

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage: ��

Even as Americans have been gaining weight, they have cut their average fat intake from 36 to 34 percent of their total diets in the past 15 years. And indeed, cutting fat to control or lose weight makes sense. Fat has nine calories per gram. Protein and carbohydrates（碳水化合物） have just four. Moreover, the body uses fewer calories to metabolize fat than it does to metabolize other foods. Compared with protein and carbohydrates — which break down into amino acids and simple sugars, respectively, and can be used to strengthen and energize the body —— dietary fat is more easily converted to body fat. Therefore, it's more likely to stay on buttocks, thighs and bellies.��

But cutting fat from your diet doesn't necessarily mean your body won't store fat. For example, between nonfat and regular cookies, there's trivial difference in calories because manufacturers make up for the loss of fat by adding sugar. Low-fat crackers, soups and dressings can also be just as high in calories as richer versions. No matter where the calories come from, overeating will still cause weight again. The calories from fat just do it a little quicker. A Wisconsin computer programmer who decided with a diet coach to eat only 40 grams of fat a day learned the lesson firsthand. He wasn't losing weight. Then he showed his food diary to his coach and revealed he'd been eating half a pound of jelly beans a day. “They don't have any fat,” he explains. But they had enough sugar to keep him from shedding an ounce. ��

Nonfat foods become add-on foods. When we add them to our diet, we actually increase the number of calories we eat per day and gain weight. That was borne out in a Pennsylvania State University study. For breakfast, Prof. Barbara Rolls gave two groups of women yogurt that contained exactly the same amount of calories. One group's yogurt label said “high fat”—the other, “l(fā)ow fat.” The “l(fā)ow fat” yogurt group ate significantly more calories later in the day than the other group. “People think they've saved fat and can indulge themselves later in the day with no adverse consequences,” says Richard Mattes, a nutrition researcher at Purdue University. “But when they do that, they don't compensate very precisely, and they often end up overdoing it.”��

31 . Why Americans are still gaining weight?��

A) They eat too much fat.��

B) They overeat.��

C) They eat low-fat crackers, soups and dressings.��

D) They eat sugar. ��

32. What lesson did the computer programmer learn?��

A) Overeating will cause weight gain.��

B) He can eat half a pound of jelly beans a day.��

C) He didn't eat any fat.��

D) His coach gave him a lecture. ��

33 . Prof. Barbara's experiment proved that __.��

A) two groups ate the same amount of calories��

B) two groups ate the same amount of yogurt��

C) the “l(fā)ow fat” yogurt group ate significantly more calories later in the day than the other group ��

D) people increase the number of calories they eat per day and gain weight ��

34. According to the author, __ has less calories.��

A) fat B) protein and carbohydrates��

C) amino acid D) sugar ��

35 . What can you infer from the passage?��

A) To keep from being overweight, people have to eat non-fat food.��

B) The calories from fat just do it a little quicker than that from protein and carbohydrates. ��

C) People should avoid temptation.��

D) Americans realize that it is necessary to count calories before eating the food. ��

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage: ��

The plumes of ash came billowing from Mount Etna on July 17 at precisely 1:33 p.m., followed by 300-foot blasts of lava. Below, in the resort town of Nicolosi, Italy, anxious residents prayed for protection. But scientists were jubilant.

“ Three minutes,” gushes Gene Ulmer, a Temple University geologist. “That's all they missed by.” Not only did Ulmer witness the eruption (which killed no one), he was in Nicolosi the previous night when European volcanologists（火山學(xué)家） predicted that Mount Etna would erupt at 1:30 p.m.— one of the most accurate predictions in history.��

Scientists have historically had little success in predicting eruptions. There are instruments to monitor the geophysical changes that may suggest a volcano is ready to blow—increase in tremors, alterations in the mountain's tilt, or changes in the resistance of the earth surrounding it. Other instruments track volcanoes' chemical compositions, because rising levels of ammonia, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, water and other substances can also herald eruptions. But none of these instruments has done particularly well.��

So scientists have taken to monitoring as many different aspects of volcanic activity as possible. This broader approach appears to have yielded the stunningly accurate results at Etna. “We may have finally found the right combination of instrument to monitor volcanoes—and save lives,” says Ulmer.

It is, of course, possible that the Etna team just got lucky. Nonetheless, Ulmer says, “all of us in volcanology are very excited.”��

36. Volcanologists were surprised by __.��

A) the accuracy of their own predictions of eruption of Mount Etna��

B) the eruption of Mount Etna��

C) the instruments they had used��

D) the ash and smoke of Mount Etna ��

37. Which instruments are the most effective ones to predict the eruption of volcanoes?��

A) Instruments to monitor the geophysical changes.��

B) Instruments to track volcanoes' chemical compositions.��

C) The combinations of instruments.��

D) None of them. ��

38. What does the word “jubilant” mean according to the context?��

A) Upset. B) Filled with great joy.��

C) Disappointed. D) Accurate. ��

39 . What is the main idea of the passage?��

A) Though Mount Etna erupted as European volcanologists predicted, it was just a coincidence. ��

B) Scientists succeeded in finding the instruments to predict eruption.��

C) Lots of scientists witnessed the Eruption of Mount Etna.��

D) Scientists predicted accurately the eruption of Mount Etna. ��

40. What's the possible title for this passage?��

A) The Volcanologists Succeeded.��

B) Mount Etna's Eruption.��

C) Right on Schedule—Mount Etna Makes Scientists Look Smart.��

D)Prediction of Eruption in History. �お�

Part Ⅲ

Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)

Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. ��

41. __, I couldn't find the way to the post office.��

A) However hard I tried B) However I tried hard��

C) However hard I try D) Whatever I tried hard ��

42. There was a __drop in support for the Union in the 1988 election.��

A) delicate B) distinct C) distant D) downward ��

43. Only if I can understand what you are listening to, __write it down correctly.

A) I shall B) shall I C) I can D) can I ��

44. A lot of __ can be mentioned as essential for explaining the puzzling phenomenon.��

A) factions B) facades C) factors D) sides ��

45. Some confusion has __about who can do this job.��

A) retained B) lifted C) raised D) arisen ��

46. It was very hot and people crowded __the air-conditioner.��

A) about B) in C) on 　　 D) to ��

47 . The programmer was always busy in an __way, spending hours accompanying nothing.��

A) ineffectual B) eventual C) efficient D) unskilled ��

48. The flood __ the townspeople __from the rest of the world.��

A) cut...out B) cut...away C) cut...down D)cut...off ��

49. Mary washed her face__.��

A) cleanly B) cleaned C) cleaning　 　D) clean ��

50. The foreign guests, __were scientists, were warmly welcomed at the train station.��

A) most of them B) most of whom C) most of that 　D) most of those ��

51 . Tom __ my letter; otherwise he would have replied before now.��

A) ought not have received B) shouldn't have received��

C) has been received D) couldn't have received ��

52. I'd just as soon remind __ those important documents with you.��

A) that you won't B) your not taking��

C) please don't D) you didn't take ��

53 . The train is traveling __a speed of 120 miles an hour.��

A) with B) on C) in D) at ��

54. Any living thing __ die without the sun.��

A) would B) may C) might D) will ��

55 . Some scientists think that there is no better __ for mother's milk.��

A) alternative B) equivalent C) exchange D) substitute ��

56. In his speech the Minister of Industry said that industrial exports went up for three __years.��

A) successful B) successive C) continual D) continuous ��

57. A group of foreign students planning to travel by car to North Dakota in the winter are advised to __ their cars with snow tires and warm clothing.��

A) provide B) purchase C) equip D) install ��

58 . All the students __ a loud laugh when the teacher told them the joke.��

A) let off B) let down C) let out D) let up ��

59. I wish my son would stop __ and do something realistic.��

A) hanging about B) hanging on C) hanging up D) hanging off ��

60. The __estimate of gains in gross national product suggested a gradual recovery from economic recession.��

A) introductory B) possible C) primary D) preliminary ��

61. We __ so as not to wake the roommates.��

A) whispered B) moaned C) grunted D) muttered ��

62 . Although he is only 5 years old, he has a __ imagination.��

A) furtive B) fertile C) frank 　 D) furious ��

63. Now many people buy __ Christmas trees instead of real ones.��

A) false B) fake C) sham D) artificial ��

64. Could you give me a hint without __ the answer?��

A) giving off B) giving away C) giving up D) giving in ��

65. After a number of disagreements with the committee, the chairman was determined to __.��

A) retire B) withdraw C) retreat D) resign ��

66. We all can't __ why she married a man like this.��

A) reason out B) figure out C) make believe D) take in ��

67. Mary's close __ to her sister made people mistake them for one another. ��

A) accuracy B) membership C) probability D) resemblance ��

68. “Why didn't Tom come to the party last night?”“He __ not have wanted to see me.”��

A) should B) would C) could D) might ��

69. __ to the question of refreshments, I should think lemonade and sandwiches will be enough.��

A) Prior B) As C) Due D) According ��

70. __ nothing more to discuss, the CEO got to his feet, said goodbye and left the meeting room.��

A) There was B)Being C) There being D) As there being �お�

PartⅣ

Cloze (15 minutes)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. ��

Many students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a confusing and frustrating experience. The lecturer speaks for one or two hours, perhaps ��__ 71 __�� the talk with slides, writing up important information on the blackboard, ��__ 72 __ �猺eading material and giving out ��__ 73 __��.The new student sees the other students continuously writing on notebooks and ��__ 74 __�� what to write. Very often the student leaves the lecture ��__ 75 __�� notes which do not catch the main points and ��__ 76 __�� become hard even for the ��__ 77 __�� to understand.��

Most institutions provide courses which ��__ 78 __�� new students to develop the skills they need to be ��__ 79 __�� listeners and note-takers. ��__ 80 __�� these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skills guides which ��__ 81 __�� learners to practice these skills ��__ 82 __�� . In all cases it is important to ��__ 83 __�� the problem ��__ 84 __�� actually starting your studies.��

It is important to ��__ 85 __�� that most students have difficulty in acquiring the language skills ��__ 86 __�� in college study. One way of ��__ 87 __�� these difficulties is to attend the language and study-skills classes which most institutions provide throughout the ��__ 88 __�� year. Another basic ��__ 89 __�� is to find a study partner ��__ 90 __�� it is possible to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support.��

71.A) extending B) illustrating C) performing D) conducting��

72.A) attributing B) contributing C) distributing D) explaining��

73.A) assignments B) information C) content D) definition��

74.A) suspects B) understands C) wonders D) convinces��

75.A) without B) with C) on D) except��

76.A) what B) those C) as D) which��

77.A) teachers B) classmates C) partners D) students��

78.A) prevent B) require C) assist D) forbid��

79.A) effective B) passive C) relative D) expressive��

80.A) Because B) Though C) Whether D) If��

81.A) enable B) stimulate C) advocate D) prevent��

82.A) independently B) repeatedly C) logically D) generally��

83.A) evaluate B) acquaint C) tackle D) formulate��

84.A) before B) after C) while D) for��

85.A) predict B) acknowledge C) argue D) ignore��

86.A) to require B) required C) requiring D) are required��

87.A) preventing B) withstanding C) sustaining D) overcoming��

88.A) average B) ordinary C) normal D) academic��

89.A) statement B) strategy C) situation D) suggestion��

90.A) in that B) for which C) with whom D) such as�お�

PartⅤ

Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: [WTHX]Getting to know the World Outside the Campus.[WTBX] You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: ��

1.大學(xué)生了解社會(huì)的必要性；��

2.了解社會(huì)的途徑（大眾媒介、社會(huì)服務(wù)等）；��

3.我打算怎么做。��

錄音文字材料

Scripts for Listening Comprehension��

Section A

1. M: How much are these jackets?��

W: They are on sale today, sir. Twenty-five dollars each, or two for forty dollars.Q: How much does one jacket cost?

2. W: Shall we have dinner in that French restaurant?��

M: I can't eat a thing. I feel too bad. My stomach aches.��

Q: What do you think the woman will do? ��

3. M: Tina's husband is friendly and easy-going.��

W: Yes, just the exact opposite to her brother.��

Q: What is Tina's brother like? ��

4. W: Last night, we went to Peter's house to listen to music.��

M: I heard that he has more than 300 jazz records. Is that right?��

Q: What do we learn from the conversation? ��

5. M: I need six stamps and I'd like to send these two books by air mail.��

W: Here are your stamps, but you have to go to the next window for the books.��

Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place? ��

6. W: Jim, would you mind driving me to my school?��

M: Sure, why not?��

Q: How does Jim respond to the woman? ��

7. M: Did you see Mary in the business office?��

W: Yes, she was applying for a student loan.��

Q: What was Mary doing? ��

8. W: When is the movie to start?��

M: Don't worry. It doesn't start until 12:30, we've still got 30 minutes.��

Q: What's the time now? ��

9. M: I like skiing but not swimming.��

W: Swimming and tennis are my favorite sports.��

Q: Which sport does the man like? ��

10. W: Tom, how are you? I heard you were sick.��

M: They must have confused me with somebody else, I've never felt better.��

Q: How does Tom feel? ��

Section B

Very high waves are destructive when they strike the land. Fortunately, this seldom happens. One reason is that out at sea, waves moving in one direction almost always run into waves moving in a different direction. The two sets of waves tend to cancel each other out. Another reason is that water is shallower near the shore. As a wave gets closer to land, the shallow bottom helps reduce its strength.��

But the power of waves striking the shore can still be very great. During a winter gale, waves sometimes strike the shore with the force of 6,000 pounds for each square foot. That means a wave, 25 feet high and 500 feet along its face, may strike the shore with a force of 75 million pounds.��

Yet the waves, no matter how big or how violent, affect only the surface of the sea. During the most raging storms, the water a hundred fathoms (600feet) beneath the surface is just as calm as on the day without a breath of wind.

答案與詳解

1. 答案A。On sale 意為“減價(jià)出售”，此題關(guān)鍵在于聽(tīng)懂“Twenty-five dollars each, or two for forty dollars.” 買一件25美元或買兩件40美元。因此選A。��

2.答案D。此題關(guān)鍵在于聽(tīng)懂第二個(gè)人的對(duì)話“他說(shuō)自己不能吃東西，感到不舒服，胃很痛�！� 因此從選項(xiàng)來(lái)看，D的推斷是合乎情理的。��

3.答案D。Friendly, easy-going 及 opposite是此題的關(guān)鍵詞。其中，easy-going意為“隨和的；易相處的，” 根據(jù)聽(tīng)到的opposite，選它的反義詞not easy-going, 因此選D。��

4.答案B。從第二句 “I heard that he has more than 300 jazz records.” 意思是“我

聽(tīng)說(shuō)他有 300多張爵士樂(lè)的碟子�！� 我們不難推斷出Peter是位爵士樂(lè)迷。��

5.答案A。聽(tīng)到了關(guān)鍵詞stamps 和air mail, 則不難推出此對(duì)話應(yīng)發(fā)生在郵局。 因此選A。��

6.答案D。從sure可以知道Jim答應(yīng)了女人的請(qǐng)求，后面說(shuō)的why not 是進(jìn)一步的確認(rèn)，含有“邀請(qǐng)”之意，說(shuō)明Jim很樂(lè)意開(kāi)車送她去學(xué)校。因此選D。��

7.答案D。此題關(guān)鍵詞是a student loan，意為學(xué)生貸款。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有financial aid 是a student loan 的同義詞。因此選D。��

8.答案C。從第二個(gè)人的話語(yǔ)中可以知道“電影在12:30開(kāi)演，現(xiàn)在離開(kāi)演還有30分鐘，”不難推出現(xiàn)在是12:00。因此選C。��

9.答案A。從第一句話 “I like skiing but not swimming.” 意思是“我喜歡滑雪而不喜歡游泳。”不難選出答案A。��

10.答案D。此題關(guān)鍵在于聽(tīng)懂第二句�！癟hey must have confused me with somebody else.” 意思是“他們一定是看錯(cuò)人了�！� I've never felt better等于I always feel fine. 因此答案選D。

11.strike 12.seldom 13.sets 14.shallower 15.bottom��

16.strength 17.shore��

18.strike the shore with a force of 75 million pounds.��

19. the waves, no matter how big or how violent, affect only the surface of the sea

20. the water a hundred fathoms (600 feet) beneath the surface is just as calm as on the day without a breath of wind.��

21. 答案D。A) 使工作更加多樣化。 B) 給予工人用其自己的方式工作的自由。 C) 工作中做出貢獻(xiàn)的多少。 D) 要求更長(zhǎng)的工作時(shí)間。此題可用排除法。從第一段第二句得出A)正確。從第二段第一句得出B)正確。從第二段第四句得出C)正確。而D)項(xiàng)所述并未在文中提到。故答案為D)。��

22.答案A。A) 因?yàn)樗麄兊墓ぷ魈�令人厭煩�?B) 為了享有更多的余暇。 C) 使他們的工作更加有趣。D) 要求更短的工作時(shí)間。此題可從第三段第三句中得出答案為A)。

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23.答案D。A) 他們會(huì)想要更多的報(bào)酬。 B)他們將要求縮短工作時(shí)間。 C) 增加報(bào)酬與縮短工作時(shí)間都是重要的因素。 D) 增加報(bào)酬與縮短工作時(shí)間對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，將不再重要。 本文最后一句中的 “neither ...nor”表示既不...，也不...。故答案為D)。��

24.答案B。A) 如何使工人提高勞動(dòng)效率。 B) 促使效率提高的可行因素。 C) 從某種程度上講，增加報(bào)酬可提高勞動(dòng)效率。 D) 如何使工人的工作變得更加有趣。 不難看出， C)、D)比較片面，很容易排除。A)、B)比較又可得出B)更加具有概括性，因?yàn)橥ㄆ�講述的是提高勞動(dòng)效率的一些途徑，可排除A)。故答案為B)。��

25.答案C。A) 老師。 B) 工人。 C) 經(jīng)理。 D) 物理學(xué)家。因?yàn)槲恼轮v述的是提高工人勞動(dòng)效率的一些可能的途徑，與公司管理密切相關(guān)。故答案為C)最為合適。

26. 答案D。 A) 綠色廣告費(fèi)用昂貴。 B) 無(wú)人相信綠色廣告。 C) 綠色廣告并不成功。D) 綠色廣告經(jīng)常帶有欺騙性。此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。該題的答案包含在下面的句子里。But consumers realized that some companies made false claims and exploited the movement, using such nebulous terms as “environmentally friendly” and “green.” 但一些消費(fèi)者意識(shí)到一些公司做假承諾，用模糊的“有益環(huán)境”等術(shù)語(yǔ)大大利用時(shí)機(jī)。故答案為D。��

27.答案D。A) 消費(fèi)者應(yīng)負(fù)有責(zé)任。 B) 消費(fèi)者持反對(duì)的態(tài)度。 C) 消費(fèi)者在此問(wèn)題上始終漠不關(guān)心。 D) 消費(fèi)者對(duì)綠色廣告已厭煩了。此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。該題的答案包含在下面的句子里。Consumers grew wary of environmental appeals. 故答案為D。��

28.答案B。A) 它們變得更受歡迎。 B) 它們變得更為規(guī)范。 C) 它們被制作得更好。 D) 它們的可信度降低。 此題為歸納推理題。該題是根據(jù)第二段提問(wèn)的。第二段的大意是：為了避免麻煩許多公司等待政府出臺(tái)合法的條款，于1992年聯(lián)邦政府出臺(tái)了綠色市場(chǎng)的條文，加利福尼亞對(duì)此也通過(guò)了嚴(yán)格的法律。所以答案應(yīng)是B。��

29.答案D。 A) 當(dāng)環(huán)保意識(shí)增強(qiáng)的時(shí)候。 B) 當(dāng)廣告商們規(guī)范其廣告的時(shí)候。 C) 當(dāng)廣告規(guī)范化的時(shí)候。 D) 當(dāng)環(huán)保廣告深入到廣大的消費(fèi)者心中的時(shí)候。 此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。該題的答案可以在最后一段的最后一句話里找到。Some believe that we've now entered green advertising's third wave, where environmental concern is now part of the mainstream. 所以正確答案是D。��

30.答案C。A) 麻薩諸塞州。 B) 德克薩斯州。 C) 加利福尼亞州。 D) 康涅狄格州。此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。該題的答案包含在下面的句子里。According to the state's court, “California seeks to guard against potentially specious claims or ecological puffery about products with minimal environmental attributes.” Texas, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Tennessee, Connecticut, and Washington soon followed the Golden State's lead.這兒the Golden State's lead指加州。所以正確答案為C。

31. 答案A。A) 他們吃了含脂肪多的食物。 B) 他們的飲食過(guò)量。 C) 他們食用脂肪含量低的脆餅、湯和調(diào)味品。 D) 他們食用含糖食品。 此題為主旨題。全文章主要論述美國(guó)人在過(guò)去的15年中雖然少吃含脂肪多的食物，但他們還在長(zhǎng)胖。原因在于過(guò)量飲食會(huì)導(dǎo)致卡路里的過(guò)量的攝入而導(dǎo)致肥胖。故答案為A。��

32.答案A。 A) 飲食過(guò)量將會(huì)導(dǎo)致體重增加。 B) 他一天能吃半磅軟糖。 C) 他沒(méi)有吃任何含脂肪的食物。 D) 他的飲食教練給他上了一堂課。 此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。這個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)程序員的經(jīng)歷是對(duì)第二段第四句的證明，表明他親身體驗(yàn)了此教訓(xùn)。' No matter where the calories come from, overeating will still cause weight gain.'不論卡路里來(lái)自何處，過(guò)量飲食也會(huì)增加體重。故答案為A。��

33.答案D。 A) 兩組婦女食用等量的卡路里。 B) 兩組婦女飲用等量的酸奶。 C) 與持高脂酸奶的小組相比，持低脂酸奶的小組當(dāng)天晚些時(shí)候被攝入的卡路里更多。 D) 隨著人們每天攝入卡路里的增長(zhǎng)，體重也在增長(zhǎng)。 此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。巴巴拉教授對(duì)兩組婦女的研究證明了 “we actually increase the number of calories we eat per day and gain weight.” 隨著我們每天攝入卡路里的增長(zhǎng)，體重也在增長(zhǎng)。故答案為D。��

34.答案B。A) 脂肪。 B) 蛋白質(zhì)和碳水化合物。 C) 氨基酸。 D) 糖。 此題為細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段第三句，和脂肪相比，蛋白質(zhì)和碳水化合物只含有四個(gè)卡路里。 故答案為B。��

35.答案D。A) 為了使體重保持正常，人們不得不吃無(wú)脂食物。 B) 脂肪中的卡路里比蛋白質(zhì)和碳水化合物中的卡路里多，因而使人的體重增加得更快一點(diǎn)。 C) 人們應(yīng)避開(kāi)食物對(duì)他們的誘惑。 D) 美國(guó)人意識(shí)到在進(jìn)食前先計(jì)算一下卡路里的多少是有必要的。此題為推斷題。從文章的篇章來(lái)看，脂肪雖比蛋白質(zhì)、碳水化合物的卡路里多，但美國(guó)人由于過(guò)量使用卡路里少的食物，加之有些無(wú)脂肪的食物由于糖分的添加而使卡路里攝入量加大而導(dǎo)致肥胖。故答案為D。

36. 答案A。A) 他們精確地預(yù)測(cè)了Etna火山爆發(fā)的時(shí)間。 B) Etna火山的爆發(fā)。C) 他們使用的儀器。 D) Etna火山的煙與灰。 此題為推斷和主旨題�？茖W(xué)家在歷史上幾乎沒(méi)有成功地預(yù)測(cè)火山爆發(fā)，而此次對(duì)Etna火山爆發(fā)的預(yù)測(cè)和實(shí)際只有三分鐘的誤差，這種準(zhǔn)確性是令他們既興奮又震驚的。故答案為A。��

37.答案D。A) 觀察地球物理變化的儀器。 B) 研究化學(xué)成分變化的儀器。 C) 這兩種儀器的組合。 D) 沒(méi)有有效預(yù)測(cè)火山爆發(fā)的儀器。 文章第三段中介紹了兩種預(yù)測(cè)火山爆發(fā)的儀器，一種是通過(guò)觀察地球物理變化來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)，一種通過(guò)研究化學(xué)成分的變化來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)，但預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果都不理想。在第四段中Ulmer說(shuō)的話中'We may have finally found the right combination of instrument to monitor volcanoes—and save lives'可以判斷監(jiān)視火山爆發(fā)的所有有效儀器的最佳組合還未有出世。故答案為D。��

38.答案B。A) 心煩意亂的。 B) 十分高興的。 C) 失望的。 D) 精確的。 此題為詞義辨析題。全文講述了對(duì)火山爆發(fā)的成功預(yù)測(cè)使科學(xué)家們欣喜萬(wàn)分。故答案為B。��

39. 答案D。A) 盡管Etna火山像歐洲科學(xué)家預(yù)測(cè)的那樣爆發(fā)了，但僅是一次巧合而已。 B) 科學(xué)家們成功地發(fā)現(xiàn)了預(yù)測(cè)火山爆發(fā)的儀器。 C) 許多科學(xué)家都親眼目睹了Etna火山的爆發(fā)。 D) 科學(xué)家準(zhǔn)確地預(yù)測(cè)了火山的爆發(fā)。 此題為主旨題�？茖W(xué)家準(zhǔn)確地預(yù)測(cè)了火山的爆發(fā)。故答案為D。��

40.答案C。 A) 火山學(xué)家的成功。 B) Etna火山的爆發(fā)。 C) 科學(xué)家有史以來(lái)較準(zhǔn)確的一次預(yù)測(cè)。D) 歷史上對(duì)火山爆發(fā)的預(yù)測(cè)。 此題為主題推理題。從全文可知這是一篇報(bào)道，不僅報(bào)道Etna火山的爆發(fā)，而且更強(qiáng)調(diào)科學(xué)家有史以來(lái)較準(zhǔn)確的一次預(yù)測(cè)。故答案為C。〖ZK)〗��

41. 答案A。 句意：不管我怎樣努力，都無(wú)法找到去郵局的路。however hard 等于no matter how hard, 不需倒裝。因此答案應(yīng)為A。��

42.答案B。 句意：1988年選舉中對(duì)聯(lián)盟的支持明顯下降。 A) delicate嬌嫩的，精致的； B）distinet 獨(dú)特的，明顯的； C）distant 遙遠(yuǎn)的； D) downward向下的。根據(jù)本句意思，答案應(yīng)為B。��

43.答案D。 句意：我聽(tīng)懂之后才能寫下來(lái)。Only 或 only if引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)或從句放在句首時(shí)，后面主句要用倒裝語(yǔ)序。所以，A), C)均可排除。根據(jù)題意，應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can。 因此答案應(yīng)為D。��

44.答案C。句意：有許多因素可以說(shuō)對(duì)解釋這種令人迷惑不解的現(xiàn)象是必要的。A)faction意為“派系”；B)facade意為“建筑物的正面”；C)factor意為“因素”；D)side意為“邊”。根據(jù)句意A, B, D均不符合題意，因此選C。��

45.答案D。句意：人們不清楚誰(shuí)能做這項(xiàng)工作。arise是一個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞，具有“出現(xiàn)，呈現(xiàn)”的含義。其余三個(gè)動(dòng)詞均為及物動(dòng)詞，且詞意不合要求。因此選D。��

46. 答案A。句意：天很熱，人們都擠在空調(diào)周圍。about prep. 關(guān)于，在... 周圍。根據(jù)句意B, C, D均不符合題意，因此選A。��

47.答案A。句意：這個(gè)程序員總是無(wú)效地忙碌著，花好幾小時(shí)也做不成一件事。A)ineffectual意為“無(wú)效果的”；B)eventual意為“最終發(fā)生的，結(jié)局的”。如：eventual success 最后的成功；C)efficient 意為“有效的，效率高的”；D)unskilled意為“不擅長(zhǎng)的，不靈巧的”。如：be unskilled in debate 不擅長(zhǎng)辯論。由于后句說(shuō)“花好幾小時(shí)也做不成一件事”，可以推斷此程序員做事沒(méi)有效率，因此選A。��

48.答案D。句意：洪水切斷了該鎮(zhèn)居民與外界的聯(lián)系。A)cut out 切掉；割掉；B)cut away 切掉，逃走；C)cut down 減少 如：You should cut down on smoking. 你應(yīng)該少抽煙。D)cut off 切斷 如：They cut off the enemy's retreat.他們切斷了敵人的退路。根據(jù)句意A, B, C均不符合題意，因此選D。��

49.答案D。句意：瑪麗把臉洗干凈了。有些動(dòng)詞，如：wash, wipe, scrape, 等，總是構(gòu)成此句型：v. +n. +adj. 根據(jù)句意A, B, C均不正確，因此選D。��

50.答案B。句意：那些外國(guó)客人，其中多數(shù)是科學(xué)家，在火車站受到熱烈歡迎。用排除法。A), D) 不對(duì)。C) 在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中不能用that. 因此選B。��

51.答案D。句意：湯姆不可能已經(jīng)收到了我的信，否則他到現(xiàn)在就早該回信了。選項(xiàng) couldn't have been 表示推測(cè)，符合句意。因此選D。��

52.答案D。句意：我真希望提醒過(guò)你帶上那些重要的文件。在'd just as soon + 動(dòng)詞后的從句中常用過(guò)去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在，作虛擬語(yǔ)氣。因此選D。��

53.答案D。句意：火車以每小時(shí)120英里的速度行進(jìn)。at在；以；按（表示速度，溫度，價(jià)格，比率等）因此選D。��

54.答案A。句意：沒(méi)有太陽(yáng)任何生物都會(huì)死。虛擬語(yǔ)氣, would“會(huì)”。因此選A。��

55.答案D。句意：一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為沒(méi)有什么能代替母乳。substitute 作“代替品”講，后接for, 指“作...的代替品”。alternative 之意為“供替代的選擇，”后接to , 而equivalent 意為 “同等物”，后接of或to。因此選D。��

56.答案B。句意：工業(yè)部長(zhǎng)在他的講話中說(shuō)工業(yè)出口連續(xù)三年上升。(for three) successive (years) 意為 “連續(xù)（三年）”。因此選B。��

57.答案C。句意：計(jì)劃冬季開(kāi)車到北達(dá)科他州旅行的一群外國(guó)學(xué)生應(yīng)備上防滑胎和保暖衣物。equip...with 作“給...配備”。因此選C。��

58.答案C。句意：當(dāng)老師講笑話時(shí)，所有的學(xué)生都笑了。let out 作“發(fā)出（笑聲，叫喊聲）”解，let out a loud laugh意為　“哄堂大笑”，let off　表示滿意“說(shuō)出（笑話等）”之意。因此選C。��

59.答案A。句意：我希望我兒子能停止閑逛做點(diǎn)實(shí)事。hang about意為 “到處閑逛”, “游手好閑”解。因此選A。��

60.答案D。句意：對(duì)全國(guó)糧食總產(chǎn)量的正確估計(jì)表明了經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的逐漸恢復(fù)。preliminary (estimate) “初步的（估計(jì)）”，introductory　表示 “介紹性的”， primary則意為 “原始的”，“最初的”。因此選D。��

61.答案A。句意：我們輕聲說(shuō)話以免吵醒室友。whisper 意為 “低語(yǔ)”，“輕聲說(shuō)話”。因此選A。��

62.答案B。句意： 雖然他只有五歲，他的想象力卻十分豐富。fertile (imagination) 意為 “豐富的（想象力）”。因此選B。��

63.答案D。句意：現(xiàn)在有很多人買人造的圣誕樹(shù)而不買真的。artificial意為 “人造的”，“人工創(chuàng)造的”；false 意為“錯(cuò)誤的”，“虛偽的”講；而fake, sham的意思則分別為本“偽造的”，“偽劣的”。因此選D。��

64.答案B。句意：你可不可以在不泄露答案的情況下給我一些提示。giving away 意為 “泄露” 。因此選B。��

65.答案D。句意：由于與委員會(huì)存在許多分歧，主席決定辭職。(be determined to) resign 意為 “（決定）辭職”，切合題意。因此選D。��

66.答案B。句意：我們都不明白她為什么嫁給那樣一個(gè)男人。figure out 表“理解”之意，而reason out 作“分析”，“推斷”解；take in 作“領(lǐng)會(huì)”解。因此選B。��

67.答案D。句意：瑪麗和她妹妹由于長(zhǎng)得相像經(jīng)常會(huì)被認(rèn)錯(cuò)。A項(xiàng)accuracy決為“精確；準(zhǔn)確”；B項(xiàng)membership意為“資格；會(huì)員的身份”；C 項(xiàng)probability意為“可能性；可能的結(jié)果”；D項(xiàng)resemblance意為“相似；相像”。根據(jù)題意，故選D。��

68.答案D。句意：湯姆為什么昨晚沒(méi)來(lái)參加晚會(huì)？他不想見(jiàn)我。might (not)have wanted to ...表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的猜測(cè)。因此選D。��

69.答案B。句意：至于點(diǎn)心和飲料，我認(rèn)為檸檬和三明治就足夠了。as to (=with regard to 至于，關(guān)于) 是短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。因此選B。��

70.答案C。句意：因?yàn)闆](méi)有什么再討論的了，這位首席執(zhí)行官站起來(lái)，說(shuō)聲再見(jiàn)然后離開(kāi)會(huì)議室。本題的前半句是分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。There being(There be的分詞形式)引導(dǎo)的分詞短語(yǔ)在句中做原因狀語(yǔ)。因此選C。〖ZK)〗��

71. 答案B。將第1，2，3題通盤考慮。此處意為“老師會(huì)花一兩個(gè)小時(shí)用幻燈來(lái)解釋講課的內(nèi)容，寫出一些重要的信息,散發(fā)一些閱讀材料,布置作業(yè)”。illustrate用圖解說(shuō)明，舉例說(shuō)明。��

72.答案C。參考第1題答案。attribute把……的原因歸為……；contribute有助于，貢獻(xiàn)；distribute分發(fā)，散發(fā)，與下文的give out同義。��

73.答案A。assignments作業(yè)，任務(wù)。��

74.答案C。新生發(fā)現(xiàn)別的學(xué)生一直在記筆記,他們不知道該記些什么,所以用wonders。而suspects(懷疑)；understands (理解，明白)；convinces(讓人相信)與題意不符。��

75.答案B。with結(jié)構(gòu)在此表示伴隨的結(jié)果，說(shuō)明學(xué)生聽(tīng)完講座卻記了一些抓不住重點(diǎn)的筆記。��

76.答案D。這里是一個(gè)并列句，并列的兩個(gè)部分是which do not catch the main points and which become hard even for the students to understand。��

77.答案D。此句意為：學(xué)生記下的筆記連自己也無(wú)法明白。��

78.答案C。鑒于上述情況，許多學(xué)校開(kāi)設(shè)課程以幫助新生培養(yǎng)記筆記的能力，成為一名真正有效率的聽(tīng)眾。assist幫助，援助。��

79.答案A。effective有效的；passive被動(dòng)的；relative相對(duì)的；expressive表現(xiàn)的，富于表現(xiàn)的。��

80.答案D。此處的意思是：如果這些課程不可行的話，還會(huì)有許多行之有效的學(xué)習(xí)技巧的指導(dǎo)，這些指導(dǎo)使學(xué)生們能夠獨(dú)立地鍛煉這些學(xué)習(xí)技巧，在此If表示假設(shè)條件。��

81.答案A。enable sb.to do sth使人能夠干什么；stimulate激發(fā)，刺激；advocate提倡，倡導(dǎo)；prevent阻止。��

82.答案A。independently獨(dú)立地；repeatedly再三，重復(fù)地；logically合乎邏輯地；generally大體上，一般地。��

83.答案C。此句意為“通常學(xué)生在開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)之前就應(yīng)該解決這種聽(tīng)課技能的問(wèn)題”，此處C項(xiàng)中to tackle problem意為“解決問(wèn)題”。evaluate估計(jì)，評(píng)估；acquaint使認(rèn)識(shí)，了解；formulate用公式表示，系統(tǒng)地闡述或提出。��

84.答案A。參考83題。��

85.答案B。這里的意思是“承認(rèn)大多數(shù)學(xué)生在獲取語(yǔ)言技能方面有困難，這是很重要的。因?yàn)橹挥谐姓J(rèn)這種困難才能提出克服困難的方法”。所以選B。acknowledge承認(rèn)，認(rèn)可。predict預(yù)測(cè)；argue爭(zhēng)論，論證；ignore忽略，忽視。��

86.答案B。過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)。��

87.答案D。 克服困難用overcome difficulty。不用preventing阻止，阻礙；withstand經(jīng)受住，抵抗；sustain支撐，經(jīng)受。��

88.答案D。本題涉及學(xué)年的表達(dá)方法。��

89.答案B。此句意為：另一種基本的方案或策略是尋找一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)的伙伴。strategy策略，方案。��

90.答案C。本題測(cè)試介詞與關(guān)系代詞的用法，with whom表示與同伴一起學(xué)習(xí)。

Sample writing:��

Getting to Know the World Outside the Campus

It is indispensable for college students to know what is going on outside the campus. That's because in this “Information Era” the society is developing at such a high speed that we should keep pace with the progress of the outside world. Hence, without knowledge of the outside world, it will be very hard for us to secure satisfying job after graduation; it will be more difficult for us to succeed in the fierce competition. ��

How to get closer to the outside world? Firstly, we should be well-informed about what is happening around us with the aid of mass media: radios, televisions, newspapers, the Internet, and so forth. Besides, we should do some practical social services so as to cultivate our social skills, broaden our eyesight and enrich our social experience.��

As far as I ' m concerned, I plan to know the outside world in two ways: study first to have a good command of knowledge. Next, I intend to get a part-time job to know more about the outside world. Thus, I can apply the knowledge that I have learned at campus to the practical work, which will be helpful in my future career. ��