星火：2008年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)模擬試卷樣題及解析

　　22. What did the woman enjoy doing when she was young?

　　B)。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可知四選項(xiàng)均為休閑活動(dòng)，問(wèn)題詢(xún)問(wèn)"某人做某事"。本題關(guān)鍵句為"I used to watch birds when I was a youngster."我小時(shí)候常常觀察鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)。故正確答案為B)。

　　23. What does the man want to do?

　　B)。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可知問(wèn)題詢(xún)問(wèn)"某人做某事"。本題關(guān)鍵句為"I, at least, want to have some pleasure while I am still young."男士想在年輕時(shí)至少能愉快地生活。故正確答案為B)。

　　24. What's the real joy in life according to the two speakers?

　　C)。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可知本題可能關(guān)于工作或休閑。本題關(guān)鍵句為"Kids know how to take full advantage of life."女士說(shuō)孩子們知道如何充分享受生活。"...The real joy in life is in the doing."男士認(rèn)為錢(qián)乃身外之物，生活真正的樂(lè)趣就是享受現(xiàn)在。故正確答案為C)。

　　25. What's the man's attitude towards money?

　　D)。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可知本題關(guān)于"賺錢(qián)"。本題關(guān)鍵句為"They won't appreciate money unless they earn it like I earned it."男士認(rèn)為他的孩子如果不是像他一樣自己賺錢(qián)，是不會(huì)珍惜錢(qián)的。因此如果錢(qián)是他自己賺的，就會(huì)珍惜。故正確答案為D)。

　　Section B

　　Passage One

　　Your assignments this term will be writing two major research papers. One of the most important things about writing a research paper is giving proper credit for your sources of information. Failure to do this is called plagiarism.

　　(26) Plagiarism is a kind of stealing or at least an unauthorized borrowing of someone else's ideas. Sometimes inexperienced students will plagiarize unintentionally, and then be surprised when the teacher won't accept their papers, or gives them a failing grade.

　　The best way to avoid unintentional plagiarizing is to be very careful in gathering your information. As you take notes on books and magazine articles about the topic you've selected, first try to assimilate the information thoroughly. Second,(27) write it down in your own words. This is called paraphrasing. If you do a good job of paraphrasing, you'll capture the main idea from your source without actually plagiarizing any phrases from it. Most of your notes should probably be paraphrased. However, occasionally you may find something you wish to quote directly in your research paper. In this case, be sure that you copy the quotation precisely in your notes and (28) enclose it in quotation marks. That way when you're finalizing your research paper, you will be able to remember which of your notes are directly quoted. You can incorporate them appropriately and give the original author proper credit.

　　26. What does the speaker warn the students against doing?

　　B)。通過(guò)預(yù)讀選項(xiàng)可推斷出問(wèn)題是關(guān)于一種不規(guī)范的學(xué)術(shù)行為。短文中提到plagiarism(剽竊)，文章第二段開(kāi)頭部分就明確對(duì)此進(jìn)行了解釋Plagiarism is a kind of stealing or at least an unauthorized borrowing of someone else's ideas，與B)基本一致。

　　27. According to the speaker,how should most of the notes be taken?

　　A)。短文最后一段開(kāi)頭部分對(duì)如何避免無(wú)意的剽竊提出了幾點(diǎn)建議。第一條就是：As you take notes on books and magazine articles about the topic you've selected,first try to assimilate the information thoroughly(徹底理解吸收所選擇的信息)，隨后又指出，用paraphrasing的方法，即write it down in your own words，與A)相同。

　　28. What does the speaker say a direct quotation should be used?

　　B)。題干中的關(guān)鍵詞direct quotation，短文最后的部分提出，在直接引用的情況下be sure that you copy the quotation precisely in your notes and enclose it in quotation marks，隨后又對(duì)這種方法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了具體的解釋?zhuān)珹)和C)是避免無(wú)意剽竊的總方法，D)沒(méi)有提到。

　　Passage Two

　　In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches. In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees (29) had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates for the doctor's degree.

　　Generally, however, modern examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the same questions, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence (30) with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination, timed exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers, resembles a group of workers at an automobile factory. Certainly, during examinations teachers and students are expected to act as machines.

　　One type of test is sometimes called an objective test. It is intended to deal with facts, not personal opinions. To make up an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions,(31) each of which has only one correct answer.

　　29. How did students in Middle Ages take a test?

　　D)。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可知文章與學(xué)習(xí)、考試有關(guān)。古希臘、羅馬學(xué)校的學(xué)生考試包括saying poetry aloud or giving speeches;而中世紀(jì)的歐洲大學(xué)生要discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject，這種考試屬于subjective test(主觀考試)。objective test意思為"客觀考試"。