新東方名師：大學(xué)英語四級考試語法提綱

　　v �？嫉年P(guān)系代詞：that; which; who/whom/whose; where; when; what; as。

　　v 常見的同位語從句現(xiàn)行詞(that之前的抽象名詞)：fact, idea, news, hope, conclusion, evidence, opinion, problem, thought, understanding…

　　v 常用的引導(dǎo)詞

　　o 時間狀語從句：while; when; before; whenever; as; after; till; until; since; once; ever since; as/so long as; as soon as; no sooner… than; hardly… when; scarcely/barely… when; the moment/minute/instant; on (the point of) doing…

　　o 地點狀語從句：where; wherever

　　o 原因狀語從句：because; since; as; seeing that; considering that; now that; in that; for fear that; lest; owing to the fact that; because of the fact that; due to the fact that…

　　o 方式狀語從句：as; as if; as though; how; save that…

　　o 比較狀語從句：as; than; as… as; not so… as; hardly… than;

　　o 結(jié)果狀語從句：so that; so… that; such… that; so as to…

　　o 條件狀語從句：if; unless; in case; so long as; so far as; provided/providing/that; supposing; granted/granting that…; giving that….

　　o 讓步狀語從句：though; although; even if; even though; whether; as; however; no matter (what, how, when); for all that; in spite of the fact that; granted that; regardless of the fact that…

　　o 目的狀語從句：that; so that; in order that; lest; for the fear that; in case…

　　定語從句:

　　which 引導(dǎo)的定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)

　　1)which是關(guān)系代詞，which后面應(yīng)該加缺主語或者賓語的句子，

　　在這個句子中，which要作成分，作主語或者賓語

　　2)in which+完整的句子

　　which在定語從句中作in的賓語，所以不能作后面句子的主語

　　3)名詞+of which+謂語動詞

　　of which來修飾名詞，名詞在定語從句中作主語，所以后面直接跟謂語動詞

　　I have five books three of which are borrowed from Mary.

　　4)介詞+ which +to do 其功能相當(dāng)于定語從句。

　　The key with which to open the door is lost.

　　5)定語從句的省略結(jié)構(gòu)：

　　1. 如果that / which在定從中作 賓語，可以省略.

　　sub+vt+n+(which / that)+sub+vt

　　→s+vt+n+s+v

　　s+vt+n1+n2+vt

　　*當(dāng)做題時，若發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個名詞在一起，但是似乎連不上，則一定省略that /

　　which，則動詞為vt，做謂語。

　　6)定從的特殊省略

　　the way (in which) + 句子

　　the reason (why that)+句子　均為完整句

　　the time (that / when)+句子