2010年12月大學英語四級考試常用語法精選(15)

　　分詞: Housed in the Cultural Palace are a library, an auditorium and recreation rooms.

　　Hidden underground is a wealth of gold, silver, copper, lead and zink.

　　Lying on the floor was a boy aged about 17.

　　Standing beside the table was an interpreter.

　　6) 句首狀語若由 only + 副詞, only + 介詞詞組, only + 狀語從句構成, 引起局部倒裝:

　　Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.

　　Only through sheer luck did he manage to get some tickets.

　　Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get some tickets in the end.

　　有not only開頭的句子或分句, 往往引起局部倒裝:

　　Not only did he complain about the food, he also refused to pay for it.

　　Not only did the garage overcharge me, but they hadn’t done a very good repair job either.

　�、� 比較級和最高級

　　無比較級和最高級的形容詞及副詞: complete, perfect, utter, etc

　　比較從句

　　as…as, almost/just/nearly as…as, not so/as …as:

　　We’ll give you as much help as we can.

　　I haven’t made as much progress as I should.

　　We’ve produced twice as much cotton this year as we did ten years ago.

　　My command of English is not half so (as) good as yours.

　　than, so much/a lot more than, no more… than, not more…than, less than

　　more…than, less…than可表示“與其說…不如說…”:

　　He is more good than bad.

　　He was less hurt than frightened.

　　The present crisis in capitalist countries is much more a political than an economic crisis.

　　“no + 形容詞或副詞比較級 + than”所表示的可以是該形容詞或副詞的相反的含義:

　　no rich than = as poor as

　　no bigger than = as small as

　　no later than = as early as

　　John is no better than Tom.

　　I have taken no more than six courses this semester.

　　the more… the more (越是…就越…)

　　Actually, the busier he is, the happier he feels.

　　The more they talked, the more encouraged they felt.

　　more of a, as much of a, less of a, etc: 當as much of a…as, more/less of a …than等結構與單數可數名詞搭配時, 名詞只能置于比較結構中間.

　　He is more of a sportsman than his brother.

　�、� 名詞性從句: 名詞性從句包括主語從句, 賓語從句, 表語從句, 同位語從句.

　　主語從句有三類:

　　由what等代詞引導的主語從句: what表示“…所…的(東西)”, 在結構上等于一個名詞加一個定語從句; whatever表示“所…的一切”; whoever表示“一切…的人”.

　　What you need is more practice

　　What is hard is to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad.

　　Whatever was said here must be kept secret.

　　Whatever I have is at your service.

　　Whoever comes will be welcome.

　　Whoever fails to see this will make a big blunder.