2009年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)考試語(yǔ)法精要(六)

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　　從句

　　I 定語(yǔ)從句

　　1. 先行詞為all, anything, something, nothing, everything, much, little, none等不定代詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞一般只用that，不用which。在大多數(shù)情況下that可以省略.

　　Please tell me everything (that) you know about the matter.

　　That’s all (that) we can do at the moment.

　　2. as引出的限制性定語(yǔ)從句

　　在such … as的結(jié)構(gòu)中as可作關(guān)系代詞，引出限制性定語(yǔ)從句。有時(shí)和same連用，在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等。

　　Such people as were recommended by him were reliable.

　　I’ve never seen such a talented young man as he is.

　　I have the same trouble as you (have).

　　3. as引出的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

　　as可作關(guān)系代詞引出非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，代替整個(gè)主句，通常譯為“(正)如…一樣”，“(正)象…一樣”等。as引導(dǎo)的從句一般用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)，可以位于主句的前面、中間或后面.

　　I live a long way from work, as you know.

　　She did not, as her friend had feared, break down.

　　As is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production.

　　4. 分隔式定語(yǔ)從句

　　定語(yǔ)從句一般緊跟在先行詞之后，但有時(shí)會(huì)被其他句子成分與先行詞隔開(kāi)，從而構(gòu)成分隔式定語(yǔ)從句。

　　The days are gone when power politics worked.

　　A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you French.

　　5.介詞+關(guān)系代詞(which/whom等)引出的定語(yǔ)從句

　　如果關(guān)系代詞(which/whom等)在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，那么這個(gè)介詞可以提到從句前，構(gòu)成“介詞+關(guān)系代詞(which/whom等)+定語(yǔ)從句”。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中關(guān)系代詞不可以用that。

　　This is a subject about which we might argue for a long while.

　　The four travelers with whom I shared the room were pleasant people.