2010年考研英語(yǔ)高分策略：語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)大突破

　　(3)關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，該關(guān)系代詞在從句中表示“某人(先行詞)的”。

　　【真題例句】As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor。(2002閱讀2)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句主干是一個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos，以but連接的兩個(gè)由whose引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句，都修飾先行詞gizmos。在第一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句whose presence we barely notice中，whose指代先行詞gizmos作presence的定語(yǔ)，二者連用作barely notice的賓語(yǔ);第二個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句whose universal existence has removed much human labor中，whose指代先行詞gizmos作universal existence的定語(yǔ)，二者連用作從句的主語(yǔ)。句首的as a result為介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。

　　【參考譯文】結(jié)果是，現(xiàn)代世界充滿了越來(lái)越智能化的小玩意，這些小玩意的出現(xiàn)是我們幾乎注意不到的，但它們的普遍存在卻節(jié)省了很多勞動(dòng)力。

　　【真題例句】Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates, whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care。(2003閱讀2)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】該句子中，主干為Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates。關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care修飾先行詞scientists，關(guān)系代詞whose作arguments的定語(yǔ)，指代先行詞scientists。從句中的謂語(yǔ)使用了現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，由and并列，分別為are confusing和(are)threatening。

　　【參考譯文】科學(xué)家需要對(duì)動(dòng)物權(quán)利的倡導(dǎo)者作出有力的反擊，因?yàn)樗麄兊挠^點(diǎn)正在迷惑公眾，阻礙了健康醫(yī)療的發(fā)展。

　　【真題例句】This entails reducing our dependence on the North American market, whose programs relate to experiences and cultural traditions which are different from our own。(2005英譯漢)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句主干清晰，是一個(gè)主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)This entails reducing our dependence…，其中介詞短語(yǔ)on the North American作dependence的后置定語(yǔ)。逗號(hào)后whose引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句whose programs relate to experiences and cultural traditions，修飾先行詞North American market，whose作programs的定語(yǔ)，同時(shí)指代先行詞“North American market”。在該定語(yǔ)中，relate to的賓語(yǔ)experiences and cultural traditions由定語(yǔ)從句which are different from our own修飾，關(guān)系代詞which在從句中指代先行詞experiences and cultural traditions作主語(yǔ)。

　　【參考譯文】這就意味著要減少對(duì)北美市場(chǎng)的依賴，因?yàn)樗麄兊墓?jié)目里包含不同于我們的經(jīng)歷和文化傳統(tǒng)。

　　8。關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，譯為“像……那樣”。

　　【真題例句】Meanwhile, many settles had slighter religious commitments than Dane’s, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New world for religion. (2009閱讀4)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句主干在兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間，為一個(gè)比較結(jié)構(gòu)many settles had slighter religious commitments than Dane’s。as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句as one clergyman learned…as在從句中作learned的賓語(yǔ)，后又包含一個(gè)who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句who mocked that…修飾clergyman，關(guān)系代詞who在從句中作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞mocked后的賓語(yǔ)從句由that引導(dǎo)的從句充當(dāng)。

　　【參考譯文】與此同時(shí)，與戴恩相比，許多定居者并沒(méi)有那么虔誠(chéng)，就像一位牧師在遇到海邊的人時(shí)聽(tīng)到的那樣，那些人嘲弄說(shuō)他們不是為了宗教來(lái)到新大陸的。