初一年級（上）
【知識梳理】
I. 重點短語
1. Sit down
2. on duty
3. in English
4. have a seat
5. at home
6. look like
7. look at
8. have a look
9. come on
10. at work
11. at school
12. put on
13. look after
14. get up
15. go shopping
II. 重要句型
1. help sb. do sth.
2. What about…?
3. Let’s do sth.
4. It’s time to do sth.
5. It’s time for …
6. What’s…? It is…/ It’s…
7. Where is…? It’s….
8. How old are you? I’m….
9. What class are you in? I’m in….
10. Welcome to….
11. What’s …plus…? It’s….
12. I think…
13. Who’s this? This is….
14. What can you see？ I can see….
15. There is (are) ….
16. What colour is it (are they)? It’s (They’re)…
17. Whose …is this? It’s….
18. What time is it? It’s….
III. 交際用語
1. Good morning, Miss/Mr….
2. Hello! Hi!
3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.
4. How are you? I’m fine, thank you/thanks. And you?
5. See you. See you later.
6. Thank you! You’re welcome.
7. Goodbye! Bye!
8. What’s your name? My name is ….
9. Here you are. This way, please.
10. Who’s on duty today?
11. Let’s do.
12. Let me see.
IV. 重要語法
1. 動詞be的用法；
2. 人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法；
3. 名詞的單復數(shù)和所有格的用法；
4. 冠詞的基本用法；
5. There be句型的用法。
【名師講解】
1. in/on
在表示空間位置時，in表示在某個空間的范圍以內，on表示在某一個物體的表面之上。例如：
There is a bird in the tree. 樹上有只鳥。
There is a picture on the wall. 墻上有張圖。
2. this/that/these/those
(1)this常常用來指在時間、地點上更接近講話人的人和事，these是this的復數(shù)形式。that常常用來指在時間、地點上離講話人更遠一點的人和事，those時that的復數(shù)形式。例如：
You look in this box and I’ll look in that one over there.你看看這個盒子，我去看那邊的那個盒子。
I want this car, not that car. 我想要這輛小汽車，不是那一輛。
Take these books to his room, please. 請把這些書拿到他房間去。
This is mine; that’s yours. 這個是我的，那個是你的。
These are apples; those are oranges. 這些是蘋果，那些是橘子。
(2)在打電話的用語中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是對方。例如：
This is Mary speaking. Who’s that? 我是瑪麗。你是誰？
3. There be/ have
There be "有"，其確切含意為"某處或某時存在某人或某物。"其結構是：There be + 某人或某物 + 表示地點或時間的狀語。There be 后面的名詞實際上是主語，be 動詞的形式要和主語在數(shù)上保持一致，be動詞后面的名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時用is，名詞是復數(shù)時用are。例如：
(1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可樂。
(2) There is a doll in the box. 那個盒子里有個娃娃。
(3) There are many apples on the tree. 那樹上有許多蘋果。
總之，There be結構強調的是一種客觀存在的"有"。have表示"擁有，占有，具有"，即：某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主語一般是名詞或代詞，與主語是所屬關系。例如：
(4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有兩個兄弟，一個姐姐。
(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四個房間。
4. look/ see/ watch
(1)look 表示“看、瞧”，著重指認真看，強調看的動作，表示有意識地注意看，但不一定看到，以提醒對方注意。，如：
Look! The children are playing computer games. 瞧！孩子們在玩電腦游戲。
Look! What’s that over there? 看！那邊那個是什么？
單獨使用是不及物動詞，如強調看某人/物，其后接介詞at，才能帶賓語，如：
He’s looking at me。他正在看著我。
(2)see強調“看”的結果，著重的是look這個動作的結果，意思是“看到”，see是及物動詞，后面能直接跟賓語。如：
What can you see in the picture? 你能在圖上看到什么？
Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it?看黑板！你看到了什么？
(3)watch“觀看，注視”，側重于場面，表示全神貫注地觀看、觀察或注視某事務的活動，強調過程，常用于“看電視、看足球、看演出”等。如：
Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.我們從電視上看了一場足球比賽。
4. put on/ / in
put on意為“穿上，戴上”。主要指“穿上”這一動作, 后面接表示服裝、鞋帽的名詞。
in 是介詞，表示“穿著”強調狀態(tài)。在句中可以做定語、標語和狀語。如：
It’s cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷，穿上你的外衣。
He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子，走了出去。
The woman in a white blouse is John’s mother.穿白色襯衣的那個婦女是John的媽媽。
5. house/ home/family
house ：“房子”，指居住的建筑物; Home: “家”，指一個人同家人共同經常居住的地方; Family: “家庭“，“家庭成員”。例如：
Please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午請到我家來。
He is not at home. 他不在家。
My family all get up early. 我們全家都起得很早。
6. fine, nice, good, well
四者都可用作形容詞表示"好"之意，但前三者既可作表語又可作定語，而后者僅用作表語。主要區(qū)別在于：
(1) fine指物時表示的是質量上的"精細"，形容人時表示的是"身體健康"，也
可以用來指"天氣晴朗"。例如：
Your parents are very fine. 你父母身體很健康。
That‘s a fine machine. 那是一臺很好的機器。
It‘s a fine day for a walk today. 今天是散步的好時候。
(2)nice主要側重于人或物的外表，有"美好"，"漂亮"的意思，也可用于問候或贊揚別人。例如：
Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。
These coats are very nice. 那些裙子很好看。
Nice to meet you. 見到你很高興。
It‘s very nice of you. 你真好。
(3)good形容人時指"品德好"，形容物時指"質量好"，是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用語。例如：
Her son is a good student. 她兒子是一個好學生。
The red car is very good. 那輛紅色小汽車很好。
(4)well只可用來形容人的"身體好"，但不能作定語，它也能用作副詞作狀語，多放在所修飾的動詞之后。例如：
I‘m very well, thanks. 我身體很好，謝謝。
My friends sing well. 我的朋友們歌唱得好。
【考點掃描】
中考考點在本單元主要集中在：
1. 動詞be的用法；
2. 人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法；
3. 名詞的單復數(shù)和所有格的用法；
4. 冠詞的基本用法；
5. There be句型的用法。
6. 本單元學過的詞匯、短語和句型；
7. 本單元學過的日常交際用語。
考試形式可以是單項填空、完型填空、短文填空、完成句子。
【中考范例】
1. (2004年北京市中考試題)
Mary, please show ________ your picture.
A. my B. mine C. I D. me
【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法。本題中動詞show后面跟雙賓語，空白處應填入人稱代詞的賓格me作賓語。
2. (2004年上海市徐匯區(qū)中考試題)
_________ orange on the desk is for you, Mike.
A. A B.An C. / D. The
【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是冠詞的基本用法。因為是特指課桌上的那個橘子，所以用定冠詞the。
3. (2004年哈爾濱市中考試題)
-What _______ the number of the girls in your class?
-About twenty.
A. is B. am C. are D. be
【解析】答案：A。該題考查的是動詞be的用法和主謂一致。the number作主語，應該是單數(shù)第三人稱，動詞be變?yōu)閕s。
4. (2004年陜西省中考試題)
There _______ a football match on TV this evening.
A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have
【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是There be…句型和動詞have用法區(qū)別。There be句型本身就表示“在某個地方存在某個人或物”，不能和動詞have混在一起用。
【滿分演練】
一. 單項填空
1. -What colour is the bike?
-It’s _______ orange.
A. an B. a C. / D. the
2. That isn’t her bag. It’s ________.
A. my B. I C. mine D. me
3. -Oh, your kite is very nice.
-__________________.
A. That’s right B. No, it’s not nice C. Yes, it is D. Thank you
4. The woman is sixty, but she _______ young.
A. is B. sees C. looks D. watches
5. It’s time ________ lunch. Let’s go home.
A. to B. in C. for D. on
6. -________ is your coat?
-The black one.
A. What B. Where C. Which D. How
7. -________ is the toy?
-It’s on the bed.
A. Who B. Where C. What D. Whose
8. The shoes are too old. Put ________ over there.
A. it B. they C. their D. them
9. Excuse me. Can you _______ my watch, please?
A. look B. look like C. look after D. look at
10. Look _______ the blackboard and listen _______ the teacher.
A. / / B. at; to C. after; / D. on; after
11. -Whose dress is this?
-It’s _________.
A. Lucy B. Lucy’s C. Jim D. Jim’s
12. The girl ______ the purple coat is his sister.
A. at B. in C. on D. with
13. There is a bird ______ the tree.
A. in B. on C. to D. of
14. There are many ________ in our school.
A. woman teachers B. woman teacher
C. women teacher D. women teachers
15. -Is there a ball under the desk?
-______________________.
A. Yes, it is B. Yes, there’s
C. No, there isn’t D. No, there is
16. There _______ some books and a pencil on the desk.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
17. -Let me help you.
-_______________.
A. You’re welcome B. Thanks very much
C. Don’t worry D. Yes, thanks
18. ______ old man is ______ English teacher.
A. The; an B. An; an C. The; the D. A; a
19. -What _____ five plus six?
-It’s eleven.
A. am B. is C. are D. /
20. -What ______ you see in the picture?
-I can see some flowers.
A. must B. can C. are D. do
二. 完形填空
This is a picture of Kat’s ____1____. What can we ____2_____ in the picture? Look ____3____ it, please. The man ____4____ the black coat is Kate’s father, Mr. Green. The ____5____ in the red sweater is Mrs. Green. They ____6____ young. The baby is Kate. The little boy is Kate’s ____7_____, Jim. ___8____ the man behind Mrs. Green? Oh, he’s ____9___ brother, Mr. Read. He ____10____ young, too.
1. A. families B. family C. parents D. brothers
2. A. look B. do C. see D.put
3. A. at B. after C. for D. up
4. A. on B. of C. in D. to
5. A. man B. girl C. women D. woman
6. A. are B. is C. look like D. looking
7. A. sister B. brother C. father D. aunt
8. A. What’s B. Where’s C. Who’s D. How is
9. A. his B. her C. our D. their
10. A. looks B. am C. look D. very
三. 在B欄中找出A欄英語句子的正確答語
(A) (B)
1. How are you? A. I am in Row 6.
2. Can you spell it, please? B. Fine, thank you.
3. How do you do? C. Yes, b-o-o-k, book.
4. What row are you in? D. It is ten.
5. What’s two plus eight? E. Nice to meet you, too.
6. Nice to meet you. F. I am 14.
7. How old are you? G. Wang Ping is.
8. Who’s not here? H. It’s here.
9. Where is the bag? I. It’s a book.
10. What is this in English? J. How do you do?
四. 完成對話：在對話后面的句子中選出正確的填入空白處
Jim: Excuse me, Ann. Whose black dog is this? Is it yours?
Ann: Let me have a look.________1_______. I think it’s Sam’s. My dog is brown.
Jim: Sam, look at the dog behind the tree.________2__________?
Sam: Sorry, it isn’t mine. My dog is black and white. I think it looks like Mary’s.
Jim: _____________3______________?
Sam: She’s my friend. Look! She’s over there. Let’s go and ask her.
Jim: _______________4_______________.
Sam: Hi, Mary! Is that dog yours?
Mary: _______________5_______________.
Sam: It’s a lovely dog! Don’t lose it!
Mary: Yes, thank you.
A. Who’s Mary
B. OK, let’s go
C. Oh, no it’s not mine
D. Oh, yes. It’s mine
E. Is it yours
五. 用所給單詞的適當形式填空
1. ________ (He) pen is in ______ (I) pencil-box.
2. ________ (You) shoes ________ (be) under the bed.
3. ________ (Who) new ruler is this?
4. -Are these trousers _______ (you)?
-No, they aren’t ________ (we)
5. It’s time ________ (go) and play games.
6. This is my pen. Please give it to ________ (I).
7. I have two ________ (baby).
8. Look! That is a ________ (China) car.
9. It is __________ (my teacher) sweater.
10. Now her ________ ( parent) are in America.
六. 閱讀理解
(A)
Bob was born in a big and rich family. His father is a university professor. He teaches American history. His mother is a very capable woman. She is the manager of a big company. She earns a lot of money, of course. Bob has two sisters and a brother. His elder sister, Jenny, is fourteen. She studies in a middle school. His younger sister, Ann, is ten. She studies in a private primary school. She has a very good memory. She is clever. His younger brother, Dick, is only six. He has just started going to school. Bob gets on well with his family. He is on good terms not only with his parents, but also with his sisters and brother. (have a friendly relationship with sb.) He is, in a word, an apple in their eyes.
根據(jù)短文的內容，判斷下列句子的正誤：正確地答“A”，錯誤的答“B”。
1. Bob was born in a small and rich family.
2. He has two brothers and a sister.
3. There are five people in his family.
4. Dick is only six. He studies in a private primary school.
5. “He is an apple in their eyes” means “They love him very much”.
(B)
Look at the clothes line in the twins‘ bedroom. There are some clothes on it. You can see a green blouse and a yellow skirt. The trousers on the clothes line are black. They are not new but clean. Are they Lily‘s clothes? No. I know they are Lucy‘s. Lily‘s clothes are on a clothes tree near the window. Her trousers are brown, her blouse is white and her skirt is blue. There is a new hat on the clothes tree, but it‘s not Lily‘s, it‘s Lucy‘s. There is an old hat on Lucy‘s bed in the room, it‘s Lily‘s. There are no clothes on the other bed, the bed is Lily‘s.
1. What can you see in the bedroom? I can see __________.
A. a clothes line B. a tree C. a bed
2. What colour are Lucy‘s trousers? They are ________.
A. green B. black C. brown
3. Where is Lucy‘s hat? It‘s on _________.
A. the clothes tree B. the clothes line C. lily‘s bed
4. How many beds are there in the room? ________.
A. only one B. three C. two
5. Are there any things on Lily‘s bed? ________.
A. Yes, there is a hat on it
B. No, there is not anything on it
C. Sorry, I don‘t know
(C)
It‘s a fine Sunday morning. Ann and her mother are in a big bus. There are many people in it. Some of them come from America, and some come from England and Canada. They are all their friends. They are going to the Great Wall.
There are two Chinese in the bus. One is woman. She is driving the bus. The other is a young man. He speaks good English. He is now talking about the Great Wall. The other people are all listening to him. They like the Great Wall. They want to see it very much.
1. Ann and mother are going to the Great Wall __________.
A. by bike B. by car C. by plane D. by bus
2. There are __________.
A. only one Chinese in the bus B. only two Chinese in the bus
C. only two Chinese on the bike D. only one Chinese in the car
3. The driver is __________.
A. a man B. a woman C. a Canadian D. an American
4. The people __________.
A. are singing B. are talking C. are listening D. are looking at the wall
5. They __________.
A. can see the Great Wall B. can speak English very well.
C. want to talk with the man very much D. want to see the Great Wall very much
初一年級（下）
【知識梳理】
I. 重點短語
1. a bottle of
2. a little
3. a lot (of)
4. all day
5. be from
6. be over
7. come back
8. come from
9. do one’s homework
10. do the shopping
11. get down
12. get home
13. get to
14. get up
15. go shopping
16. have a drink of
17. have a look
18. have breakfast
19. have lunch
20. have supper
21. listen to
22. not…at all
23. put…away
24. take off
25. throw it like that
26. would like
27. in the middle of the day
28. in the morning / afternoon/ evening
29. on a farm
30. in a factory
II. 重要句型
1. Let sb. do sth.
2. Could sb. do sth.?
3. would like sth.
4. would like to do sth.
5. What about something to eat?
6. How do you spell …?
7. May I borrow…?
III. 交際用語
1. —Thanks very much!
—You‘re welcome.
2. Put it/them away.
3. What‘s wrong?
4. I think so.
I don‘t think so.
5. I want to take some books to the classroom.
6. Give me a bottle of orange juice, please.
Please give it / them back tomorrow. OK.
9. What‘s your favourite sport?
10. Don‘t worry.
11.I’m (not) good at basketball.
12. Do you want a go?
13. That‘s right./ That‘s all right./ All right.
14. Do you have a dictionary / any dictionaries?
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
15. We / They have some CDs.
We / They don’t have any CDs.
16. -What day is it today / tomorrow?
-It’s Monday.
17. -May I borrow your colour pens, please?
-Certainly. Here you are.
18. -Where are you from?
-From Beijing.
19. What‘s your telephone number in New York?
20. -Do you like hot dogs?
-Yes, I do. ( A little. / A lot. / Very much.)
-No, I don‘t. ( I don‘t like them at all.)
21. -What does your mother like?
-She likes dumplings and vegetables very much.
22. -When do you go to school every day?
-I go to school at 7:00 every day.
23. -What time does he go to bed in the evening?
-He goes to bed at 10:00.
IV. 重要語法
1.人稱代詞的用法；
2. 祈使句；
3. 現(xiàn)在進行時的構成和用法；
4．動詞have的用法；
5．一般現(xiàn)在時構成和用法；
6．可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的構成和用法
【名師講解】
1. That‘s right./ That‘s all right./ All right.
That’s right意為“對的”，表示贊同對方的意見、看法或行為，肯定對方的答案或判斷。例如：
"I think we must help the old man.""我想我們應該幫助這位老人。"
"That‘s right."或 "You‘re right.""說得對"。
That’s all right.意為“不用謝”、“沒關系”，用來回答對方的致謝或道歉。例如：
"Many thanks." "That‘s all right."
"Sorry. It‘s broken." "That‘s all right."
All right.意為“行了”、“可以”，表示同意對方的建議或要求。有時還可以表示“身體很好”
"Please tell me about it." "請把此事告訴我。"
"All right.""好吧。"
Is your mother all right?你媽身體好嗎
2. make/do
這兩個詞都可以解釋為“做”，但含義卻不同，不能混用。make指做東西或制東西，do指做一件具體的事。
Can you make a paper boat for me? 你能為我做個紙船嗎？
He’s doing his homework now.他正在做他的作業(yè)。
3. say/speak/talk/tell
say：是最口語化的最普通的一個詞，意為“說出”、“說道”，著重所說的話。如：
“I want to go there by bus” , he said . 他說，“我要坐汽車到那里去。”
Please say it in English .請用英語說。
speak : “說話”，著重開口發(fā)聲，不著重所說的內容，一般用作不及物動詞 (即后面不能直接接賓語 ) 。如：
Can you speak about him? 你能不能說說他的情況？
I don’t like to speak like this. 我不喜歡這樣說話。
speak 作及物動詞解時，只能和某種語言等連用，表達在對話中恰當使用詞匯的能力。如：
She speaks English well.她英語說得好。
talk : 與 speak 意義相近，也著重說話的動作，而不著重所說的話，因此，一般也只用作不及物動詞， 不過，talk 暗示話是對某人說的，有較強的對話意味，著重指連續(xù)地和別人談話。如：
I would like to talk to him about it . 我想跟他談那件事。
Old women like to talk with children.老年婦女喜歡和孩子們交談。
tell : “告訴”，除較少情況外，一般后面總接雙賓語。如：
He’s telling me a story.他在給我講故事。
tell a lie 撒謊
tell sb. to do sth. /tell sb. not to do sth.
Miss Zhao often tells us to study hard.
4. do cooking/ do the cooking
do cooking 作“做飯”解，屬泛指。do the cooking 特指某一頓飯或某一家人的飯。cooking為動名詞，不能用作復數(shù)，但前面可用 some, much修飾。從do some cooking可引出許多類似的短語：
do some washing 洗些衣服
do some shopping 買些東西
do some reading 讀書
do some writing 寫些東西
do some fishing 釣魚
從以上短語可引申出另一類短語，不能用some, much或定冠詞。
go shopping 去買東西
go fishing 去釣魚
go boating 去劃船
go swimming 去游泳
5. like doing sth./ like to do sth.
like doing sth. 與like to do sth. 意思相同，但用法有區(qū)別。前者強調一般性的愛好或者表示動作的習慣性和經常性；后來表示一次性和偶然性的動作。例如：
He likes playing football, but he doesn‘t like to play football with Li Ming.
他喜歡踢足球，但是他不喜歡和李明踢。
6. other/ others/ the other/ another
other表其余的，別的，
Have you any other questions?你還有其他問題嗎?
others 別的人，別的東西
In the room some people are American, the others are French.在屋子里一些人是
美國人,其他的是法國人。
the other表另一個（二者之中）one…，the other…
One of my two brothers studies English, the other studies Chinese.
我兩個哥哥中的一個學習英文,另一個學中文。
another表三者以上的另一個，另一些
There is room for another few books on the shelf.書架上還可以放點書。
7. in the tree/ on the tree
in the tree 與 on the tree.譯成中文均為"在樹上"但英語中有區(qū)別。in the tree表示某人、某事（不屬于樹本身生長出的別的東西）落在樹上，表示樹的枝、葉、花、果等長在樹上時，要使用on the tree.如：
There are some apples on the tree. 那棵樹上有些蘋果。
There is a bird in the tree. 那棵樹上有只鳥。
8. some/ any
(1)some和 any既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。但有以下兩點需要
注意。
some常用于肯定句中，any常用于否定句和疑問句中。如：
There is some water in the glass.
Is there any water in the glass?
There isn‘t any water in the glass.
(2)在說話者希望得到肯定答復的一般疑問句中，或在表示請求，邀請的疑問句中，我們依然用some。如：
Would you like some tea?
9. tall/ high
(1)說人，動物，樹木等有生命的東西，主要用tall，不用high，例如
a tall woman 一個高個子婦女
a tall horse 一個高大的馬
(2)說一個不與地面接觸的人和物的高時，要用high，而不用tall，比如人站在桌子上時，飛機飛上天時，例如：
He is high up in the tree. 他高高地爬在樹上。
The plane is so high in the sky. 飛機在空中這么高。
(3)指建筑物、山時要tall或high都可以，不過high的程度比tall高。
(4)high可作副詞，tall不能。
(5)tall的反義詞為short, high的反義詞為low.
10. can/ could
(1) can表示體力和腦力方面的能力，或根據(jù)客觀條件能做某種動作的"能力
"。例如：
Can you ride a bike？ 你會騎自行車嗎？
What can I do for you？ 要幫忙嗎？
Can you make a cake？你會做蛋糕嗎？
(2) can用在否定句和疑問句中時有時表示說話人的"懷疑""猜測"或不肯定。例如：
Where can he be？他會在什么地方呢？
Can the news be true？這個消息會是真的嗎？
It surely can‘t be six o‘clock already？不可能已經六點鐘了吧？
You can‘t be hungry so soon，Tom，you‘ve just had lunch.湯姆，你不可能餓得這么快，你剛吃過午飯。
What can he mean？他會是什么意思？
在日常會話中，can可代替may表示"允許"，may比較正式。例如：
You can come in any time.你隨時都可以來。
- Can I use your pen？我能用你的鋼筆嗎？
- Of course，you can.當然可以。
You can have my seat，I‘m going now.我要走了，你坐我的座位吧。
(3) could
could 是 can的過去式，表示過去有過的能力和可能性（在否定和疑問句中）。例如：
The doctor said he could help him.（能力）醫(yī)生說他能幫助他。
Lily could swim when she was four years old.（能力）
當麗麗四歲的時候她就會游泳。
At that time we thought the story could be true.（可能性）
那時我們以為所說的可能是真的。
could可代替can表示現(xiàn)在時間的動作，但語氣較為婉轉。例如：
Could I speak to John，please？我能和約翰說話嗎？
Could you？在口語中表示請求對方做事。例如：
Could you wait half an hour？請你等半個小時好嗎？
Could you please ring again at six？六點鐘請你再打電話好嗎？
(4) can的形式
只有現(xiàn)在式can和過去式could兩種形式。能表示一般現(xiàn)在和一般過去兩種時態(tài)，有時也能表示將來。所有其他時態(tài)（包括將來時）須用be able to加動詞不定式來表示。例如：
They have not been able to come to Beijing.
他們沒有能到北京來。
11. look for/ find
look for 意為“尋找”，而find意為“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)”，前者強調“找”這一動作，并不注重“找”的結果，而后者則強調“找”的結果。例如：
She can’t find her ruler. 她找不到她的尺子啦。
Tom is looking for his watch，but he can’t find it.湯姆正在尋找他的手表，但沒能找到。
12. be sleeping/ be asleep
be sleeping 表示動作，意思是“正在睡覺”；be asleep 表示狀態(tài)，意思是“睡著了”。如：
-What are the children doing in the room? 孩子們在房間里做什么？
-They are sleeping.他們正在睡覺。
The children are asleep now.現(xiàn)在孩子們睡著了。
13. often/ usually/sometimes
often表示"經常"，sometimes表示"有時候"，在表示發(fā)生頻率上often要高于usually，usually要高于sometimes。這三個詞表示的是經常性，一般性的動作或情況，常與一般現(xiàn)在時連用，常位于主要謂語動詞的前面，其他謂語動詞（be動詞，情態(tài)動詞和助動詞）的后面，有時也可位于句尾。如果要加強語氣，則放在句首。
We usually play basketball after school.我們通常放學后打籃球。
Sometimes I go to bed early.有時，我睡覺很早。
He often reads English in the morning.他經常在早晨讀英語。
14. How much/ How many
how much常用來詢問某一商品的價格，常見句式是How much is / are…?
How much is the skirt? 這條裙子多少錢？
How much are the bananas? 這些香蕉多少錢？
how much后加不可數(shù)名詞，表示數(shù)量，意為“多少“，how many后加可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式。
How much meat do you want? 你要多少肉呀？
How many students are there in your class? 你們班有多少人？
15. be good for/ be good to/ be good at
be good for 表示"對……有好處"，而be bad for表示"對……有害"；be good to表示"對……友好"，而be bad to表示"對……不好"；be good at表示"擅長，在……方面做得好"，而be bad at表示"在……方面做得不好"。
Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.做眼保健操對你的眼睛有好處。
Eating too much is bad for you health.吃的太多對你的身體有害。
Miss Li is good to all of us.李老師對我們所有的人都很友好。
The boss is bad to his workers.這個老板對他的工人不好。
Li Lei is good at drawing, but I‘m bad at it.李雷擅長畫畫，但是我不擅長。
16. each/ every
each 和every都有"每一個"的意思，但含義和用法不相同。each從個體著眼，every從整體著眼。each 可用于兩者或兩者以上，every只用于三者或三者以上。
We each have a new book.
我們每人各有一本新書。
There are trees on each side of the street.
街的兩旁有樹。
He gets up early every morning.
每天早晨他都起得早。
each可以用作形容詞、副詞和代詞；every只能用作形容詞。
Each of them has his own duty.
他們各人有各人的義務。
They each want to do something different.
他們每個人都想做不同的事情。
17. 一般現(xiàn)在時/現(xiàn)在進行時
一般現(xiàn)在時表示經常性的或習慣性的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示說話者的能力，還有自然現(xiàn)象；而現(xiàn)在進行時表示正在進行或發(fā)生的動作（構成方式為am/is /are/+doing）。
I do my homework in the evening.
我在晚上做作業(yè)。
I‘m doing my homework now.
我現(xiàn)在正在做作業(yè)。
現(xiàn)在進行時常與now, these days, at the moment 或Look, listen等詞連用；而一般現(xiàn)在時常與often, always, sometimes, usually, every day, in the morning, on Mondays等連用。
We often clean the classroom after school.
我們經常放學后打掃教室。
Look! They are cleaning the classroom .
看！他們正在打掃教室呢。
【考點掃描】
中考考點在本單元主要集中在：
1．動詞一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進行時的用法，人稱代詞的用法，可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)
名詞的構成和用法。
2．本冊書中常見的交際用語
3．本冊書中一些重點的詞組和短語
考試形式往往是單項填空、完形填空、短文改錯和短文填空。
【中考范例】
1.（2004年安徽省中考試題）
-Hurry up! We’re all waiting for you.
-I ________ for an important phone call. Go without me.
A. wait B. was waiting C. am waiting D. waited
【解析】答案：C。表示現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作，用現(xiàn)在進行時。
2. (2004年長春市中考試題)
Could you help ____ with _______ English, please?
A. I, my B. me, me C. me, my D. my, I
【解析】答案：C。第一個空作賓語，應用人稱代詞的賓格me, 第二個空作定語，應用形容詞性物主代詞my。
3.(2004年長春市中考試題)
Dr. White can _______ French very well.
A. speak B. talk C. say D. tell
【解析】答案：A。說什麼語言常用動詞speak。
4.（2004年黃岡中考試題）
English is spoken by ______ people.
A. a lot B. much many C. a large number of D. a great deal of
【解析】答案：C。只有a large number of 能用來修飾復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞people。
【滿分演練】
一. 單項選擇
1. There is some ______ on the plate.
A. cakes B. meat C. potato D. pears
2. Uncle Wang wants ______ the machine like a bike.
A. ride B. riding C. rides D. to ride
3. Tom usually goes to bed ________ ten o‘clock in the evening.
A. at B. in C. on D. of
4. ______ picture books in class, please.
A. Not read B. No read C. Not reading D. Don‘t read
5. The box is too heavy. Let ________ help you to carry it.
A. we B. us C. ours D. our
6. Hurry up, ______ we‘ll be late for the meeting.
A. and B. but C. then D. or
7. People usually ______ "hello" to each other when they make a phone call.
A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk
8. Look! She ________ a kite for her son.
A. makes B. is making C. make D. making
9. These shoes are yours. Please ________.
A. put on them B. put on it C. put them on D. put it on
10. She often gets ______ very late.
A. home B. at home C. to home D. in home
11. I think the shop is closed ________ this time of day.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
12. I want ______ of meat, please.
A. half kilo B. a half kilo C. half a kilo D. a kilo half
13. - Is this black ruler ________?
- No. It‘s ________.
A. yours, his B. your, his C. yours, him D. you, he
14. ________ book on the desk is a useful（重要的）one.
A. A B. An C. The D. /
15. Grandma is ill. We have to take her to the ________.
A. farm B. post office C. hotel D. hospital
16. Liu Mei often helps her mother ________ housework.
A. does B. do C.doing D. to doing
17. We watch evening news on ________ at 7:00 in the evening.
A. CCTV B. CAAC C. WTO D. MTV
18. There ________ a box of apples on the desk.
A. are B. is C. has D. have
19. Would you like ________ with me?
A. go B. to go C. going D. goes
20. Sometimes his brother ________ TV after supper.
A. watch B. sees C. watches D. is watching
二. 填空
A. 根據(jù)句義和首字母寫出所缺的單詞
1. Kate‘s glass is empty. She wants a f______ one.
2. I think my father can help you m______ your broken bike.
3. I have two pencils. One is short, the other is l______.
4. Please open the w______. It‘s getting hot here.
5. Something is w______ with my bike. May I borrow yours?
B. 根據(jù)句意，用括號中所給詞的適當形式填空
1. There are some ________ there, talking loudly. (woman)
2. This blouse isn‘t hers. It‘s ________. (my)
3. The people on the farm are very ________. (friend)
4. Do you know ________? (he)
5. Tom‘s uncle can drive cars. He is a good ________. (drive)
C. 選詞并用其適當形式填空
work, close, look, have, teacher, pen, eat, China, play, climb
1. This is our ________ desk. Ours are over there.
2. Bill has three ________. One is new and the other two are old.
3. His uncle ________ very young but he is over forty.
4. Let‘s ________ basketball after class.
5. Look! The cats are ________ up the trees.
6. The shop isn‘t open. It‘s ________.
7. My brother ________ some new picture books.
8. In our classroom there is a large map of ________.
9. Mum, please give me something to ________. I‘m very hungry.
10. Does Mr Green like ________ in this Chinese school?
三. 根據(jù)對話內容，從方框中選擇恰當?shù)木渥油瓿蓪υ?p>A. Please give it back soon.
B. It‘s over there
C. Certainly. When do you want it?
D. Thank you very much.
E. Black and red, and it‘s not very new.
A: Excuse me, Lin Tao!
B: Yes?
A: My bike is broken. Can I borrow yours?
B: __1____.
A: This afternoon.
B: OK. Here‘s the key.
A: ____2__. But where is it?
B: __3____.
A: What colour is it?
B: __4____.
A: I see. I think I can find it.
B: ___5___.
A: All right. See you!
四. 完型填空
These days men and women , young and old are ___1_____ the same kind of ___2____, and a lot of ___3_____ have long hair（頭發(fā)）. We often can‘t ___4_____whether they are boys or girls, men or women.
___5_____ old man often goes to walk in the park. He is sitting on a chair now. A young person is ___6_____ ___7_____ him.
"Oh, goodness!" the old man says to the other one. "Do you ___8_____ that person with long hair? Is it a boy or a girl?"
"A boy," says the other one. "He is my son." "Oh," says the old man, "Please ____9____ me. I don‘t know you are his ____10____." "I‘m not his mother, I‘m his father," says the other one.
1. A. having B. wearing C. putting D. buying
2. A. clothes B. trees C. pictures D. Bags
3. A. we B. your C. them D. Theirs
4. A. talk B. teach C. say D tell
5. A. An B. A C. The D. /
6. A. running B. flying C. standing D. driving
7. A. on B. beside C. in D. At
8. A. see B. watch C. look D. Read
9. A. help B. excuse C. teach D. Ask
10. A. baby B. sister C. father D. Mother
五. 閱讀理解
( A )
Mr Li teaches Chinese in the USA. He comes back to China every year. He gives us a talk. He says," K Day in the USA is very interesting. All children like it very much. It is on March 7th. When you go out on that day, you can see children running with kites in the open air(露天). When you look up, you can see different kites in the sky（天空）. Some are big, and some are small. They are in different colours. Every kite has a long string(長線). The children begin to run when they get the kites up. Every child has a good time that day.
1. Mr Li is _______________. He works in the USA.
A. a worker B. an English teacher C. a doctor D. a Chinese teacher
2. Mr Li says something about _______________.
A. how to study English B. K Day in the USA
C. his work in the USA D. playing in the open air
3. March 7th is _________________.
A. Children‘s Day B. Teachers‘ Day C. K Day D. Tree planting Day(植樹節(jié))
4. Every kite has _____________________.
A. a short string B. a long string C. the same colour D. the same size(大小)
5. There are _______________ kites in the sky on that day.
A. all kinds of B. one kind of C. three kinds of D. three
( B )
Paula Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
Get up 7:10 a.m. 7:10 a.m. 7:10 a.m. 7:10 a.m. 7:10 a.m.
morning school school school school school
lunch pizza rice rice rice rice
afternoon Yo-yo Table-tennis Table-tennis Table-tennis football
evening homework homework television homework clothes
Go to sleep 10:15 p.m. 10:15 p.m. 10:15 p.m. 10:15 p.m. 10:15 p.m.
根據(jù)表格內容選擇最佳答案。
6. On _______________, Paula usually gets up at 7:10 am.
A. Thursdays B. Wednesdays C. weekdays D. weekends
7. Pizza is a kind of _________________.
A. drink B. fruit C. toy D. food
8. Paula‘s favourite sport is _________________.
A. volleyball B. table-tennis C. yo-yo D. football
9. On Wednesday evenings Paula usually ___________________.
A. watches TV B. does her homework
C. washes her clothes D. goes to see her friends
10. Which is wrong?
A. Paula goes to school from Monday to Friday.
B. Paula goes to bed after ten o‘clock.
C. Paula has sports in the afternoon.
D. Paula usually has Pizza for lunch.
六. 根據(jù)中文提示和英文詞語提示，寫出意思連貫、符合邏輯的英文文段：（所有英文提示語必須用上。
這位老人來自悉尼。他很熱愛中國。他現(xiàn)在在北京教英語。他喜歡在北京工作。
1. this, man, come, Sydney
2. he, China, very much
3. now, teach, in Beijing
4. he, say, Beijing, big, beautiful, like, work, here
初二年級（上）
【知識梳理】
I. 重點短語
1. on time
2. best wishes
3. give a talk
4. for example
5. short for
6. a waste of time
7. go on a field trip
8. go fishing
9. I agree
10. next week
11. the day after tomorrow
12. have a picnic
13. have some problems doing sth.
14. go the wrong way
15. hurry up
16. get together
17. in the open air
18. on Mid-Autumn Day
19. come over
20. have to
21. get home
22. agree with
23. in the country
24. in town
25. all the same
26. in front of
27. on the left/right side
28. next to
29. up and down
30. keep healthy
31. grow up
32. at the same time
33. the day before yesterday
35. last Saturday
36. half an hour ago
37. a moment ago
38. just now
39. by the way
40. all the time
41. at first
II. 重要句型
1. have fun doing sth.
2. Why don’t you…?
3. We’re going to do sth.
4. start with sth.
5. Why not…?
6. Are you going to…?
7. be friendly to sb.
8. You’d better do sth.
9. ask sb. for sth.
10. say goodbye to sb.
11. Good luck(with sb)!
III. 交際用語
1.Welcome backto school!
2.Excuse me. I’m sorry I’m late, because the traffic is bad.
3.It doesn’t matter.
4.Happy Teachers’ Day !
5.That’s a good idea.
6.What are you going to do？
7.Where are we going ?
8.What are we going to do ?
9.I’m good at…
10.It’s not far from…
11. Are you free tomorrow evening?
12.Would you and Lily like to come over to my home for Mid-Autumn Festival?
13.I’m glad you can come.
14.Thanks for asking us.
15.How about another one?
16.May I have a taste?
17.Let me walk with you.
18.What do you have to do?
19.Do you live on a farm?
20.Which do you like better, the city or the country?
21.Which do you like best, dogs, cats or chickens?
22.Shall we go at ten? Good idea!
23.-Let’s make it half past one. -OK.
24.-Why not come a little earlier? -All right.
25.Excuse me. Where’s the nearest post office, please?
26.It’s over there on the right.
27.I’m sorry I don’t know.
28.You’d better…
29.Thank you all the same.
30.Which bus do I take?
31.Go along this road.
32.What day was it yesterday?
33.I’m sorry to hear that.
34.I hope you’re better now.
35.Why did you call me?
36.I called to tell…
IV. 重要語法
1.be going to的用法；
2.形容詞的比較級、最高級；
3.形容詞和副詞的比較
4.一般過去時
【名師講解】
1. on the street / in the street
表示“在街上”時，on the street 和 in the street 都可以，在美國多用on the street, 在英國多用in the street. 例如：
We have a house in the street. 我們在街上有座房子。
I met him on the street. 我在街上遇見了他。
2. would like / like
would like 和 like含義不同。like 意思是“喜歡”，“愛好”，而 would like 意思是“想要”。試比較：
I like beer.=I’m fond of beer. 我喜歡喝啤酒。
I’d like a glass of beer= I want a glass of beer. 我想要一杯啤酒。
Do you like going to the cinema? 你喜歡看電影嗎？
Would you like to go to the cinema tonight? 你今晚想去看電影嗎？
3. another / the other
(1)another 通常用于三個或三個以上或不確定數(shù)量中的任意一個人或 物體。 例如：
May I have another apple, please? 請在給我一個蘋果好嗎？
This coat is too small for me. Please show me another這件外套我穿太小，請再給我拿一件看看。
(2)the other 通常指兩者中的另一個。例如：
He has two rulers. One is short. The other is long. 他有兩把尺子，一把短的，另一把長的。
I have two brothers. One works in Xi’an . The other works in Beijing. 我有兩個兄弟，一個在西安工作，另一個在北京工作。
4. have to /must
(1)have to和 must 都可以用來談論義務，但用法略有不同。如果某人主觀上覺得必須去做而又想去時，常用must。如果談論某種來自“外界”的義務，常用have to。例如：
I must stop smoking. 我必須戒煙。（自己想戒煙）
They have to work for the boss.
他們不得不為那個老板工作。（條件逼得他們去工作）
(2)have to 可用于多種時態(tài)，must 只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時。例如：
I’ll have to get up early tomorrow morning.明天早晨我必須早早起床。
We had to work long hours every day in order to get more money.
為了多掙錢，我們不得不每天長時間地工作。
(3)用于否定句時，mustn’t意思是“決不能”，“禁止”，而don’t have to意思是“不必”，相當于needn’t。例如：
You mustn’t be late again next time.下一次你決不能再遲到。
You don’t have to go there today. You can go there tomorrow.
你今天不必到那里去了。你可以明天去。
5. hear sb. or sth.doing sth. / herar sb. or sth. do sth.
hear sb. or sth.doing sth.意思是“聽到某人或某物在做某事”，而hear sb. or sth. do sth.意思是“聽到某人或某物做過某事”。試比較：
I hear him singing an English song.聽見他在唱英歌曲。
I heard him sing an English song.我聽見他唱一首英文歌。
類似hear 這種用法的還有see, watch, listen, feel等感官動詞。
6. any /some
any和some 都可以同不可數(shù)名詞和可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式連用，但some一般用在肯定句中；any用在疑問句和否定句中。試比較：
I want some money. 我想要點錢。
Have you any money? 你有錢嗎？
I don’t have any money. 我一點錢也沒有。
some 有時也用于疑問句，表示說話人期待一個肯定回答或鼓勵人家說“是”。例如：
Would you like some more beer?請你再來點啤酒好嗎？
Could I have some rice, please?請給我來點米飯好嗎？
7. hear /listen to
listen to 和hear 都有“聽”的意思，但含義有所不同。Listen to強調“聽”的動作，hear 強調“聽”的結果。例如：
Listen to me ,please! I’m going to tell you a story. 請聽我說！我給你們講個故事。
Listen! Can you hear someone crying in the next room? 聽！你能聽見有人在隔壁房間里哭嗎？
I listened, but heard nothing.我聽了聽，但什么也聽不見。
hear 后面如果接賓語從句，常常表示“聽說”。例如：
I hear some foreign students will visit our school.我聽說一些外國學生將要訪問我們學校。
I hear there is going to be a film in our school this evening.我聽說今晚我們學校要演一場電影。
8. Let’s… /Let us…
Let’s… 和Let us… 都表示“讓我們……”, 如果us 包括聽話人在內，其含義相同，附帶問句用shall we. 如果us 不包括聽話人在內，其含義不同，Let us…的附帶問句要用will you。例如：
Let’s go shopping, shall we? 我們去購物好嗎？
9. take/ bring/ carry /get
這四個動詞都有“拿”和“帶”的意思，但含義有所不同。take意為“帶走”，“拿走”，bring意為“帶來”，“拿來”, get表示“到別的地方把某人或某物帶來或拿來”，carry不強調方向，帶有負重的意思。試比較：
My parents often take me there on holidays.我父母常常帶我到那里去度假。
I’m going to take you to Beijing.我準備帶你去北京。
Bring me a cup of tea, please.請給我端杯茶來。
I’ll bring the book to you tomorrow.明天我把那本書給你帶來。
The waiter carried the me to the table服務員把肉送到桌上。
The monkey carried the bag on her back.猴子把那個包背在背上。
She went back to get her handbag.他折回去拿他的手提包。
Let me get the doctor.讓我去請醫(yī)生吧。
10. far away /faraway
(1)far away是一個副詞短語，意思是“很遠”。例如：
Some are far away. Some are nearer.有些離得很遠，有些離得近一些的。
The village is far away from here.那個村子離這兒很遠。
(2)faraway是一個形容詞，意思是“遙遠的”，可以在句中作定語。例如：
He lives in faraway mountain village.他住在一個遙遠的小山村。
11. find / look for
find和look for 都有“找”的意思，但含義不同。find 強調“找”的結果，而look for 強調“找”的過程。請看下列例句：
He is looking for his bike.他在找他的自行車。
I’m looking for my watch, but can’t find it.我在找我的手表，但是找不到。
I hope you will soon find your lost ring.希望你盡快找到丟失的戒指。
另外，find還有“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；“感到”等意思。例如：
I found a wallet in the desk.我在課桌里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個錢包。
I find this book very interesting.我覺得這本書很有意思。
12. in front of /in the front of
In front of 表示在某物的前面，不在某物的范圍內。In the front of 表示在某物的前部，在某物的范圍內。試比較：
My seat is in front of Mary’s.我的座位在瑪麗座位的前面。
He is sitting in the front of the car with the driver.他和司機坐在小車的前部。
【考點掃描】
1. be going to的用法；
2. 形容詞的比較級、最高級；
3. 形容詞和副詞的比較
4. 一般過去時
5. 本單元學過的詞匯、短語和句型；
6. 本單元學過的日常交際用語。
【中考范例】
1. (2004年煙臺市中考試題)
In the exam, the ________ you are, the ________ mistakes you’ll make.
A. carefully, little B. more carefully, fewest
C. more careful, fewer D. more careful, less
【解析】答案：C。該題考查的是形容詞和副詞的比較以及他們的比較等級的用法。第一個空應填形容詞careful的比較級，因為它在句中作表語，第二個空應填few的比較級，因為它修飾的是復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。
2. (2004年河北省中考試題)
Bob never does his homework _________ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.
A. so careful B. as carefully as C. carefully D. as careful as
【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是形容詞和副詞的用法比較。該空應填副詞，因為它修飾的是動詞does。該題用的是not as+副詞+as的結構，所以答案應是B。
3. (2004年重慶市中考試題)
That day I saw some parents _________ at the back of the classroom, ________ to the teacher.
A. sitting, listened B. sat, listened
C. sitting, listening D. sat, listening
【解析】答案：C。該題考查的是see sb. doing sth.的句型結構和分詞作狀語的用法。第一個空stting在句中作saw的賓語補足語，第二個空listening做伴隨狀語。
4. (2004年杭州市中考試題)
You ________ open the door before the train gets into the station.
A. don’t have to B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not
【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是幾個情態(tài)動詞否定式的用法區(qū)別。don’t have to和needn’t的意思都是“不必”，may not的意思是“可以不”，只有mustn’t表示“不許”，“禁止”。
【滿分演練】
一. 單項填空
1. Welcome back ________school.
A. in B. at C. to D. on
2. Miss Gao is our new Chinese teacher ________.
A. in this term B. this term
C. on this term D. that term
3. -I’m sorry I’m late.
-_____________.
A. OK B. It doesn’t matter
C. All right D. Thank you
4. Li Mu and Jill are talking _________where they are going.
A. about B. to C. with D. for
5. There is very ______food in the house.
A. a few B. little C. a little D. few
6. You’d better take a raincoat ____you.
A. to B. with C. on D. for
7. The children are going to the Great Wall ______a field trip.
A. to B. with C. on D. for
8. I’m______hungry. May I have a mooncake?
A. a little B. little C. a few D. few
9. I’m still hungry. I’d like _________one.
A. other B. another C. an other D. the other
10.The moon looks ____than the sun, but in fact the sun is ______than the moon.
A. big; big B. bigger; bigger
C. small; small D. smaller; smaller
11. I can see them_____football on the playground.
A. play B. playing C. to play D. are playing
12. Ji Wei runs_________than I.
A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest
13. I think steamed bread is ____________ hamburger.
A. more delicious than B. most delicious than
C. more delicious to D. most delicious to
14. -What are you going to do this afternoon?
__________. I’m free.
A. To do my homework B. To clean my house
C. To do some shopping D. Nothing much
15. -May I speak to Jack?
-____________. Who’s that?
A. I’m Jack B. That is Jack
C.This is Jack speaking D. I’m Jack speaking
16. Why not _________ and see the play?
-Good idea.
A.go B. going C. to go D. goes
17. It’s cold outside. Please keep the door_________.
A. close B. closing C. closes D. closed
18. My home is about two hundred metres_____our school.
A. from B. far from C. away D. to
19. There are some apple trees ________her house.
A. in the front of B. at the back of
C. in the middle of D. at the front of
20. Which floor do you ________?
A. live B. live on C. live at D. live in
二. 完形填空
The Xingqing Palace Park（興慶宮公園）is __1___ park in Xi’an.__2__ Saturdays or Sundays, children like ___3___ there __4___ their parents. There they can play games. There is a lake and a hill in the park. Today is Sunday. Many children are playing in the park. Look! Some children __5___ on the lake. They are good __6___ it. Is the boat ___7___ a chicken? No. It looks like a duck. Some boys are playing __8___ football on the grass(草地)。A few boys __9___the hill over there. All the children are having a good time. They think playing in the park is___10___ than having classes at school.
1.A. bigger B. the biggest C. smaller D. the smaller
2.A. In B. On C. At D. With
3.A. walking B. going C. running D.flying
4.A. with B. for C. on D. in
5.A. is swimming B. is boating C. are running D. are boating
6.A. In B. with C. from D. at
7.A. look B. likes C. looks D. like
8.A. a B. / C. an D. the
9.A. are running B. are walking C. are climbing D. are jumping
10.A. little better B. much better C. many better D. the best
三. 閱讀理解
(A)
Mark Twain is traveling to Dijon by train. He wants to sleep very much, so he asks the conductor(服務員)to wake him up when the train gets to Dijon. The he goes to sleep. Later, when wakes up, it is early the next morning and the train has got to Paris. He knows at once that the conductor doesn’t wake him up at Dijon. He is very angry. He runs up to the conductor and says, “Why didn’t you wake me up and put me off the train at Dijon? I am very angry about it!”
The conductor smiles and looks at him, “Another American is more angry than you. But you can’t see him now. I put him off the train at Dijon last night.”
根據(jù)短文內容，判斷下列各句的正誤：正確的答“A”，錯誤的答“B”。
1． Mark twain asks the conductor to wake him up in Paris.
2． The train got to Dijon at night.
3． Mark Twain was very angry with the conductor.
4． The conductor made a mistake（錯誤）. He put another American off the train at Dijon.
5． Mark Twain can’t see that American because the American doesn’t like him.
(B)
The worst tourist in the world is Nicholas Scotti of San Francisco . Once he flew from the US to his home town in Italy to see someone at home. The plane made a one-hour stop to get oil at Kennedy Airport of New York. As he thought he had arrived home, Mr Scotti got off the plane. He thought he was in Rome .
When nobody was there to meet him, Mr Scotti thought maybe they were held up by heavy traffic. While looking for their addresses, Mr Scotti found that the old "Rome" had changed a lot. Many old buildings were replaced by high modern ones.
He also found that many people spoke English instead of Italian and that many street signs were written in English.
Mr Scotti knew very little English, so he asked a policeman(in Italian) the way to the bus station. He happened to meet a policeman who was also born in Italy and answered him in the same language.
After twelve hours‘ traveling round on a bus, the driver handed him over to a second policeman. He asked the policeman why the Rome police employed so many people as policemen speaking English of Italian.
To get him on a plane back to San Francisco, He was sent to the airport in a police car with sirens(警報) on. "Look," said Scotti to his interpreter , "I know I‘m in Italy. That‘s how they drive."
1. When Mr Scotti arrived at the airport, nobody met him because ____________.
A. he was in New York
B. he was in Rome
C. policemen could help him
D. he was in an Italian city
2. In what direction (方向) did the plane fly when Mr Scotti went to Italy from the US?
A. To the east.
B. To the south.
C. To the west
D. To the north.
3. Why was Mr Scotti so sure that he was in Rome?
A. Because he traveled a lot.
B. Because he knew little about the US.
C. Because he knew little about Italy.
D. Because he didn‘t travel much.
4. At last Mr Scotti _________.
A. knew he did something wrong
B. still thought he was
C. knew he was wrong
D. knew he was home
5. Do you think many people do the same thing as Mr Scotti did?
A. Nobody but Mr Scotti made this kind of mistake.
B. Many people make this kind of mistake.
C. Few people make this kind of mistake.
D. 50% of people will make the same mistake.
(C)
My wife and I stayed in London for a few weeks last year. We went there in the autumn. We think it is the best season to visit England. The weather is usually quite good and there are not too many visitors in October.
We stayed in a small restaurant in the West End. We did most of our sightseeing on foot. We went to look at all the places. We went shopping and spent too much money. We liked going to the theatre . We don‘t have the chance to see such good plays (戲劇) at home. A lot of people say English food is very bad. We didn‘t think so. Most of the restaurants are French or Chinese, but we had some very good meals.
We enjoyed our holiday very much. We want to go there again this year. We are going to take our umbrellas . I‘m sure we‘ll need them sometimes.
1. “We went shopping and spent too much money” means _________.
A. they didn‘t enjoy shopping and spent too much money
B. prices were high in England
C. there were so many good things in the shops and they bought a lot
D. they liked to go shopping with lots of money
2. They didn‘t have the chance to see such good plays_________.
A. in their small restaurant B. in their home town
C. in France D. in England
3. You can get _______ in a restaurant.
A. meals B. clothes C. books D. cakes
4. I‘m sure we‘ll need umbrellas sometimes because__________.
A. umbrellas can be very good presents for their friends in London
B. it often rains in London
C. the English people like to bring umbrellas with them
D. the English people protect (保護) themselves with umbrella
5. The two visitors came from________.
A. England B. France
C. America D. a country we don‘t know
四. 根據(jù)所給漢語完成下列英語句子
1. Yesterday afternoon Miss Li came here _________ (向你道歉).
2. I did everything ___________ (他要求我做的).
3. We saw the old scientist ____________ (在花園里散步) just now.
4. My grandpa has ___________ (好記憶). He can remember many things.
5. Do you know who _______ (發(fā)明了機器人)？
6. I find ____________ (記住這些單詞很難).
7. I enjoy ____________ (吃大肉).
8. Don’t stand ___________ (一直). Please give me a hand.
9. Wang Zheng __________ (出身在)a worker’s family.
10. ________________ (祝你們好運), all the boys.
初二年級（中）
【知識梳理】
I. 重點短語
1. give a concert
2. fall down
3. go on
4. at the end of
5. go back
6. in ahurry
7. write down
8. come out
9. all the year round
10. later on
11. at times
12. ring sb. up
13. Happy New Year!
14. have a party
15. hold on
16. hear from
17. be ready
18. at the moment
19. take out
20.the same as
21. turn over
22. get-together
23. put on
24. take a seat
25. wait for
26. get lost
27. just then
28. first of all
29. go wrong
30. make a noise
31. get on
32. get off
33. stand in line
34. at the head of
35. laugh at
36. throw about
37. in fact
38. at midnight
39. enjoy oneself
40. have a headache
41. have a cough
42. fall asleep
43. again and again
44. look over
45. take exercise
II. 重要句型
1. be good for sth.
2. I think …
3. I hope…
4. I love…
5. I don’t like…
6. I’m sure…
7. forget to do sth.
8. take a message for sb.
9. give sb. the message
10. help yourself to sth.
11. be famous for sth.
12. on one’s way to…
13. make one’s way to…
14. quarrel with sb.
15. agree with sb.
16. stop sb. from doing sth.
III. 交際用語
1.What’s the weather like today?
2.It’s cold, but quite suuny.
3.How cold it is today!
4.Yes, but it’ll be warmer later on.
5.Shall we make a snowman?
6.Ok. Come on!
7.Happy New Year!
8.May I speak to Ann, please?？
9.Hold on, please.
10.Thanks a lot for inviting me to your party.
11.Ok. But I’m afraid I may be a little late.
12.Can I take a message for you?
13.That’s OK. It doesn’t matter.
14.I’m very sorry, but I can’t come.
15.I’m sorry to hear that.
16.Happy birthday!
17.Would you like ...? Would you like to ...?
18.Do you think ...? Yes, I think so. / No, I don‘t think so.
19.Do you agree? Yes, I agree. / No, don‘t really agree. I really can‘t agree.
20.There are a few / a lot of ... / on it.
21.So do we.
22.I‘m happy you like it.
23.Which is the way to ..., please?
24.Turn right/left at the ... crossing.
25.Go on until you reach ...
26.How can I get to ...? Go down/up/along this road.
27.What‘s the matter?
28.It‘ll take you half an hour to ...
29.We‘d better catch a bus.
30.It may be in ... Ah, so it is
31.You must be more careful!
32.You mustn‘t cross the road now.
33.If you want to cross a street, you must wait for the green light.
34.Please stand in line.
35.You must wait for your turn.
36.If you don‘t go soon, you‘ll be late.
37.I don‘t feel very well.
38.My head hurts.
39.You mustn‘t eat anything until you see the doctor.
40.What‘s the trouble?
41.What‘s the matter with…?
42.She didn‘t feel like eating anything.
43.Nothing serious.
44.Have/get a pain in…
45.No problem.
46.Take this medicine three times a day.
IV. 重要語法
1. 一般過去時；
2. 反意疑問句的用法；
3. 一般將來時；
4. 感嘆句；
5. 簡單句的五種基本句型；
6. 情態(tài)動詞can, may和must, have to的用法；
7. 時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句。
【名師講解】
1. above/ over/ on
這三個介詞都表示“在……之上”，但含義不同。on指在某物的表面上，和某物接觸；above指在某物的上方，不和某物接觸，但也不一定在某物的正上方；over指在某物的正上方，不和某物接觸。試比較：
There is a book on the desk.課桌上有一本書。
I raise my right hand above my head. 我把右手高舉過頭。
There is a stone bridge over the river. 河面上有座石橋。
2. forget to do sth./forget doing sth.
forget to do sth.意思是“忘記做某事”，實際上還沒做；forget doing sth,意思是“忘記做過某事”，實際上已經做過了。試比較：
I forgot to tell him the news.我忘記告訴他這條消息了。
I forgot telling him the news.我已經把這條消息告訴他了，我卻忘了。
類似的詞還有：remember, regret等。
3. hope/wish
hope和wish 在漢語中都有“希望”的意思，但其含義和用法有所不同。主要區(qū)別
(1)wish可以用來表示不可實現(xiàn)的愿望；hope只能用來表示可能實現(xiàn)的愿望。例如：
I wish I were 20 years younger.我但愿自己能年輕二十歲。
I hope you’ll be better soon. 我希望你能很快好起來。
I wish the weather wasn’t so cold. 但愿天氣不這麼冷。
I hope he will come, too. 我希望他也能來。
(2)wish可以接sb. to do sth. 的結構，而hope不可以。例如：
Do you wish me to come back later? 你是否希望我再來？
4. be sure to do sth./ be sure of/about sb. or sth.
(1)be sure to do sth.可以用來表示說話人給對方提出要求，意思是“務必”，也可以用來表示說話人做出的推斷，意思是“一定”，“肯定”。例如：
Be sure to lock the door when you leave.你離開時務必把門鎖好。
It’s a good film. You are sure to enjoy it.這是一部好電影，你肯定會喜歡的。
(2)be sure of/about sb.or sth. 可用來表示“某人對某事有把握”。例如：
I’m sure of his success.我相信他會成功。
I think it was three years ago, but I’m not sure about it.我想那是三年前的事情，但我沒有把握。
5. hear from/hear of
hear意思是“聽到”，從哪里聽到要用from來表示。例如：
I’ve heard from Xiao Wu that we’ll start out military training tomorrow.
我聽小吳說，我們明天開始軍訓。
Listen to the tape and write out what you hear from Han Mei.
并寫出你從韓梅那里聽到的內容。
hear from還有一個意思是“收到某人的來信”（=receive a letter from sb.）。例如：
I heard from my pen friend in the U.S.A. last month.
上個月我受到了美國筆友的來信。
I heard from her last week. 我上周接到了她的來信。
hear of和和hear from含義不同。hear of 意思是“聽說”，“得知”（某事或某人的存在），常用在疑問句和否定句里。例如：
Who is he? I’ve never heard of him.他是誰？我從來沒有聽說過他。
I never heard of such a thing! 這樣的事我從來沒有聽說過。
6. It’s a pleasure./With pleasure.
It’s a pleasure這句話常用作別人向你表示致謝時的答語，意思是“那是我樂意做的”。例如：
-Thank you for helping me. 謝謝你地幫助。
-It’s a pleasure. 那是我樂意做的。
-Thanks a lot. Bye.非常感謝。 再見。
-It’s a pleasure. 那是我樂意做的。再見。
類似的話還有 “Not at all.” “You are welcome.” “That’s all right.”
With pleasure也用作客氣的答語，主要用在別人要你做某事，而你又非常愿意去做的場合。例如：
-Will you please pass me the newspaper, please?
請你把報紙遞給我好嗎？
-With pleasure.
當然可以。
7. seem/look
(1)二者都可以作“看起來”講，但seem暗示憑借一些跡象作出的有根據(jù)的判斷，這種判斷往往接近事實；look著重強調由視覺得出的印象。兩者都可跟(to be)+形容詞和as if從句。如：
He seems / looks (to be) very happy today. 他今天看起來很高興。
It looks (seems) as if it it is going to rain. 好像要下雨了。
(2)但下列情況中只用seem不用look：
1)后跟不定式to do時。如：
He seems to know the answer. 他似乎知道答案。
2)在It seems that ...結構中。如：
It seems that he is happier now than yesterday.他像比高興些了。
8. be ready to do/be ready for/ get ready to do/get ready for
(1)be ready to do和be ready for…表示“已作好…的準備”，強調狀態(tài)
(2)get ready to do和get ready for…表示“為…做準備”，強調行為。如：
I‘m ready to do anything you want me to do. 我愿意/隨時準備做一切做你要我做的事。
I‘m ready for any questions you may ask.我愿意/隨時準備回答你可能問的問題。
He‘s getting ready to leave for Tokyo.他正準備動身去東京。
Let‘s get ready for the hard moment.我們?yōu)檫@一艱難時刻作好準備吧。
(3)be ready to do 通�？衫斫狻皹酚谧瞿呈隆�，即思想上總是有做某事的準備。be not ready to do表示
“不輕易做某事”。如：
He‘s usually not ready to listen to others.他通常不輕易聽從別人。
9. at table/at the table
at table在吃飯，at the table在桌子旁邊。例如：
The Greens are at table. 格林一家人在吃飯。
Mr. Black is sitting at the table and reading a book.布萊克先生坐在桌旁讀書。
10. reach, arrive/get to
三者都有"到達"之意。reach是及物動詞，后直接加名詞，get和arrive是不及物動詞，不能直接加名詞，須借助于介詞。get to后加名詞地點，若跟副詞地點時，to去掉；arrive at +小地方，arrive in+大地方。如：
Lucy got to the zoo before 8 o‘clock. 露西8點前到了動物園。
When did your parents arrive in Shanghai? 你父母何時到上海的？
It was late when I got home. 我到家時天色已晚。
11. sick/ill
二者都是形容詞。當“生病的，患病“之意時，ill只作表語，不作定語；而sick既可作表語也可作定語。sick有"嘔吐，惡心"的意思，只能作表語，而ill無此意。如：
Li Lei was ill last week. (只作表語)李磊上周生病了。
He‘s a sick man. （作定語）他是病人。不能說成：He‘s an ill man.
My grandfather was sick for a month last year. （作表語）我祖父去年病了一個
月。
12. in time/on time
in time是"及時"的意思，on time是"準時，按時"。如：
I didn‘t get to the bus stop in time. 我沒有及時趕上汽車。
We‘ll finish our job on time. 我們要按時完成任務。
13. may be/maybe
It may be in your inside pocket. = Maybe it is in your inside pocket. 也許在你里邊的口袋里。第一句中may be是情態(tài)動詞+be 動詞構成的謂語部分，意思是"也許是"，"可能是"；第二句中的maybe是副詞，意思是"可能"，常位于句首，不能位于句中，相當于另一副詞perhaps。再如：
Maybe you put it in that bag.也許你放在了那只包里。（不能說You maybe put it
in that bag.）
It may be a hat.那可能是頂帽子。（不能說It maybe a hat. 或It maybe is a hat.）
14. noise/ voice/ sound
noise 指嘈雜聲，噪音大的吵雜聲。voice是指說話的聲音，嗓音，嗓子。sound是指耳朵能夠聽到的聲音、鬧聲等。它是表示聲音之意的最普通的字。有時還用作科學上的聲音。例如：
Don‘t make so much noise! 別那么大聲喧嘩！
I didn‘t recognize John‘s voice on the telephone. 在電話里我聽不出約翰的聲
音。
He spoke in a low voice. 他低聲說話。
We heard a strange sound. 我們聽到了一種奇怪的聲音。
Sound travels fast, but light travels faster. 聲音傳得快，但是光傳得更快。
【考點掃描】
中考考點在本單元主要集中在：
1. 一般過去時；
2. 反意疑問句的用法；
3. 一般將來時；
4. 感嘆句；
5. 簡單句的五種基本句型；
6. 情態(tài)動詞can, may和must, have to的用法；
7. 時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句；
8. 本單元學過的詞匯、短語和句型；
9. 本單元學過的日常交際用語。
考試形式可以是單項填空、完型天空、短文填空和完成句子。
【中考范例】
1. (2004年長沙市中考試題)
-Do you know if we will go to the cinema tomorrow?
-I think we’ll go if we ________ too much homework.
A. will have B. had C. won’t have D. don’t have
【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是條件狀語從句的時態(tài)。在條件和時間狀語從句里通常用一般現(xiàn)在是表示將來的動作。
2. (2004年佛山市中考試題)
You have been to Tibet, _________? I was told that the snow-covered mountains were very beautiful.
A. have you B. haven’t you C. don’t you
【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是反意疑問句的構成。反意疑問句的前一部分是肯定句，后一部分就應該是否定的疑問部分，而且要和前一部分保持時態(tài)上的一致。
3. (2004年揚州市中考試題)
-Jacky, look at that Japanese sumoist(相撲手).
-Wow, ______________!
A. How a fat man B. What a fat man
C. How fat man D. What fat man
【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是感嘆句的構成。這個感嘆句省略了主謂部分，只保留了感嘆部分。如果以What開頭，就應該是What a fat man! 如果是How開頭，就應該是How fat!
4. (2004年福建省泉州市中考試題)
-Thanks for your help.
-__________________
A. It doesn’t matter B. Don’t thank me
C. You’re welcome D. That’s right
【解析】答案：C。該題考查的是日常交際用語。回答別人的道謝通常用“That’s all right.”或”You’re welcome.”
【滿分演練】
一. 選擇填空
1. Don’t forget _________your book here tomorrow.
A. to take B. to bring C. taking D. bringing
2. Mrs Brown went to the cinema, ______she?
A. didn’t B. doesn’t C. wasn’t D. isn’t
3. It was half past four. Everything _______ready.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
4. -Happy New Year!
-____________.
A. The same to you B. I’m glad to hear that
C. I’m very happy D. Thank you. It’s very kind of you.
5. I got up late yesterday. There _________no time to have breakfast.
A. has B. had C. was D. is
6. Thank you for ______me to your party.
A. invite B. inviting C. to invite D. invited
7. -I’m sorry I took your pen by mistake yesterday.
-______________.
A. All right B. That’s right C. Right D. That’s all right
8. -Thank you for showing me the way!
-________________.
A. The same to you B. It doesn’t matter
C. It’s a pleasure D. That’s right
9. -Could I use your computer for a moment?
-_____________.
A. Sure B. Really C. Right D. It doesn’t matter
10. -I just lost my bike.
-________________.
A. I wish you to buy a new one
B. You’d better buy a new one
C. I’m sorry to hear that
D. It’s always nice to ride a new one
二. 選擇能代替句中劃線部分的詞語或短語
1.What’s the matter with your mother?
A.problem B. question C. message D. wrong
2.-Thank you very much.
-It’s a pleasure.
A. I’m very glad. B. That’s right.
C. It doesn’t matter D. Not at all
3.What is he doing at the moment?
A.now B. a moment ago C. late D later on
4.Did you have a good time at the party?
A.stay long B. sing and dance C. enjoy yourself D. eat enough
5.-May I speak to John, please?
-Certainly.
A.Sure. B. I think so. C. I’d love to D. That’s all right.
6.-Could I speak to Jim, please?
-Sorry，he isn’t in.
A.is at home B. is not at work C. is out D. is free
7.There is nothing but an old table in the room.
A. many B. some
C. any D. only
8.What’s the weather like?
A. When B. Where C. why D. How
9.Please let me look at your photo.
A.give me B. pass me C. bring me D. show me
10.Please ask him to ring me up when he comes back.
A. see B. help C. call D. thank
三. 完形填空
When I __1__ in London last year, it had one of the thickest fogs(霧) in years. You could __2____ see your hand in __3___ of your face. When evening fell, it became even __4___ . All traffic __5___ to a stop. I decided to walk.
A few minutes __6___ , I couldn’t find my__7___ . Then I saw a young man and asked him to help me. He agreed. As I was following him __8__ the streets, he told me, “I know this part of London quite well. And the thick fog ___9__ to me. You see, I’m __10___ .”
1.A. is B. was C. am D. are
2. A. easily B. hard C. hardly D. even
3. A. front B. the front C. back D. the back
4. A. bad B. worse C. good D. better
5.A. began B. started C. went D came
6.A. late B. later C. early D. earlier
7.A. road B. way C. street D. home
8.A. along B. in C. through D. by
9.A. is not good B. does good
C. is nothing D. has something
10.A. strong B. week C. blind D. clever
四. 閱讀理解
(A)
John was a very famous pianist. When he was a small boy, he once played at a party at the home of a rich man. He was only eight years old. But he had played for several years. At the party he played a famous piece by Beethoven (貝多芬). He played wonderfully.
The famous piece has in it several very long rests. In each of these rests he took his hands from the piano and waited. To him this was very exciting. But it seemed that the mother of the rich man thought differently. Finally during one of these rests she came over to him. She touched him on the head with a smile and said, “My boy, why
don’t you play us what you know well?”
根據(jù)短文內容判斷正誤：正確的答“A”，錯誤的答“B”。
1.John once played the piano at a party when he was only a little boy.
2.John began to play the piano at the age of eight.
3.In each of the rests John took his hands from the piano because he felt tired.
4.The rich man’s mother did not think John played the piece well.
5.I n fact the mother of the rich man knew the piece well.
(B)
One day, we had an English class. The teacher saw a boy reading a picture book and said, “Tom, what do you usually do after lunch?” Tom nervously(緊張地)got up from his seat, but he did not know what to answer. He thought for some time and then said, “Wait for supper.”
The teacher was displeased and just at that moment, he saw another boy asleep. The teacher was getting a little angry now, but he was trying not to show it. Then he asked, “And you, Joke?”
As Joke was asleep, of course, he could not hear what the teacher had said. His deskmate(同桌) woke him up. Joke stood up quickly and answered in a loud voice, “So do I”.
1.This story happened____________.
A. in the teacher’s office B. after lunch
C. in class D. a home
2.Tom’s answer made the teacher __________.
A. angry B. displeased C. surprising D. laughing
3.The teacher asked Joke ________.
A.what he wanted to do after class
B.what he did in class
C.the same question as he asked Tom
D.to help Tom
4.Joke’s answer meant that_______.
A.he knew what to do and what not to do after lunch
B.he did the same thing as Tom did
C.he read a picture-book
D.he did many things after lunch
5.From the above story we can see that ________.
A. Joke did not know what question the teacher had asked
B.Tom did well in his lessons
C.Joke was good at his lessons
D.Tom and Joke worked hard at their lessons
(C)
Mrs Black, the wife of a rich business man, invited some of her friends to have
lunch. She wanted to try a new way of cooking a fish, and she was very pleased with
herself when the dish was ready. As the dish was very hot, she put it near the open
window to cool for a few minutes. But, five minutes later, when she came back for it,
she was shocked(震驚)to find the neighbour’s cat at the dish. She was in time to stop
the car. That afternoon was successful and everyone enjoyed the dish very much.
They talked and laughed till four o’clock.
At the end of the afternoon, when she was alone again, Mrs Black felt tired and
happy. She was in a chair just near the window. She looked out of the window and
shocked to see the neighbour’s cat dead in her garden. Why, the fish dish must be bad!
What would happen to her friends? She at once telephoned the family doctor for
advice. The doctor told her to telephone each of the visitors to meet him at the
hospital as soon as he could. Finally the danger was over. Once again Mrs Black was
alone in her chair in the sitting-room, still tired but no longer happy. Just then the
telephone rang. It was her neighbour. “Oh, Mrs Black,” her neighbour cried, “My cat
is dead. She was killed by someone in a car and put it in your garden.”
1.Mrs Black invited _______to lunch.
A. Mr Black’s friends B. her neighbour
C. her parents D. some of her friends
2.Why was Mrs Black not happy after she had a good party?
A.She was sad about the dead cat.
B.She found her fish dish was bad.
C.She never thought that she would have so much trouble.
D.She felt tired after she had a busy day.
3.Mrs Black________________________.
A.stopped the cat before it began to eat the fish
B.was too late to stop the cat in time
C.stopped the cat before it ate the fish up
D.stopped the cat but it was too late
4.Why was Mrs Black so shocked to see the cat dead in her garden?
A.She liked the cat very much.
B.She worried about her friends.
C.She was sure that her fish was bad.
D.She didn’t know how the cat died.
5.Finally________________.
A.Mrs Black found that all her friends were all right
B.a visitor told her that the cat was killed by someone in a car
C.Mrs Black felt happy as all her friends were safe
D.Mrs Black met all her friends at the hospital
五. 根據(jù)漢語句子的意思完成下列英語句子
1. 收音機里說今天晚些時候雨會停的。
The radio says the rain____ ____ ____ ____today.
2. 我不喜歡冬天，因為天氣太冷了。
I don’t like winter, _____it’s ____ _____.
3. 西安位于中國的西北部。
Xi’an is ______the ______of China.
4. 多好吃的面包啊！
_____ _____ bread it is!
5. 明天白天溫度將保持在零度以上。
The temperature will _____ ____ _____ in the daytime tomorrow.
六. 句型轉換，使第二個句子和第一個句子的意思相近或相同
1.What a hot day today!
_____ _____ it is today!
2. Most of North and South China will have a cold wet day .
____ will be cold and wet _____ most of North and South China.
3. The radio says it will be cloudy sometimes.
The radio says it will be cloudy ____ ____.
4. The snow will be heavy in some places.
It _____ _____ _____ in some places.
5. Shall we go out for a walk?
_____ _____ going out for a walk?
初二英語（下）
【知識梳理】
I. 重點短語
1. on time
2. out of
3. all by oneself
4. lots of
5. no longer
6. get back
7. sooner or later
8. run away
9. eat up
10. take care of
11. turn off
12. turn on
13. after a while
14. make faces
15. teach oneself
16. fall off
17. play the piano
18. knock at
19. to one‘s surprise
20. look up
21. enjoy oneself
22. help yourself
23. tell a story / stories
24. leave....behind ……
25. come along
26. hold a sports meeting
27. be neck and neck
28. as ... as
29. not so / as ... as
30. do one‘s best
31. take part in
32. a moment late
33. Bad luck!
34. fall behind
35. high jump
36. long jump
37. relay race
38. well done!
39. take off
40. as usual
41. a pair of
42. at once
43. hurry off
44. come to oneself
45. after a while
46. knock on
47. take care of
48. at the moment
49. set off
50. here and there
51. on watch
52. look out
53. take one’s place
II. 重要句型
1. We’d better not do sth.
2. leave one. oneself
3. find one’s way to a place
4. stand on one’s head
5. make sb. Happy
6. catch up with sb.
7. pass on sth. to somebody
8. spend time doing sth.
9. go on doing sth.
10. get on well with sb.
11. be angry with sb.
12. be fed up with sth.
13. not…until…
14. make room for sb.
III. 交際用語
1. We’re all by ourselves.
2. I fell a little afraid.
3. Don’t be afraid.
4. Help!
5. Can’t you hear anything?
6. I can’t hear anything / anybody there.
7. Maybe it’s a tiger.
8. Let’s get it back before they eat the food.
9. Did she learn all by herself?
10. Could she swim when she was …years old?
11. She didn’t hurt herself.
12. He couldn’t buy himself many nice things.
13. Did he enjoy himself?
14. Help yourselves.
15. Bad luck!
16. Come on!
17. Well done! Congratulations (to…)!
18. It must be very interesting.
19. I don’t think you’ll like it.
20. It seems to be an interesting book.
21. I’m sure (that)… I’m not sure if… I’m not sure what to…
22. I hope so.
23. What was he/she drawing when…?
24. I’m sorry to trouble you.
25. Would you please…?
26. What were you doing at ten o’clock yesterday morning?
27. You look tired today.
28. You’d better go to bed early tonight, if you can.
29. How kind!
30. Let’s move the bag, or it may cause an accident.
31. It’s really nice of you.
32. Don’t mention it.
33. Don’t crowd around him.
IV. 重要語法
1. 不定代詞/副詞的運用；
2. 反身代詞的用法；
3. 并列句；
4. 形容詞和副詞的比較等級；
5. 冠詞的用法；
6. 動詞的過去進行時；
【名師講解】
1. bring/take
Bring表示“帶來、拿來”，指從別處朝說話人所在或將在的地方“帶來、拿來”。而take則表示“拿去、帶走”，它表示的方向與bring相反，指從說話人所在地“拿走、帶走”。如：
Bring me the book, please. 把那本書給我拿來。
Take some food to the old man. 給那位老人帶去些食物。
2. somebody/ anybody/nobody
一般說來，somebody用于定句，anybody用于否定句、疑問句和條件狀語從句。例如：
Somebody came to see you when you were out. 你出來時有人來見你。
Does anybody live on this island? 有人在這島上住嗎？
I didn‘t see anybody there. 我在那兒誰也沒看見。
Don‘t let anybody in. I‘m too busy to see anybody. 別讓任何人進來。我太忙，誰也不想見。
There is nobody in the room. 房間里沒人。
Nobody told me that you were ill, so I didn‘t know about it . 誰也沒告訴我你病了。所以我不知道。
3. listen, listen to, hear
這三個詞意思都是“聽”，但是它們的用法不完全相同。它們的區(qū)別在于：
(1)listen 只用于不及物動詞，后面接人或人物做賓語，著重于“傾聽”，指的是有意識的動作，至于是否聽到，并非強調的重點。如：
Listen! Someone is singing in the classroom. 聽！有人在教室唱歌。
(2)listen to 為listen的及物形式，后面一定要接人或物做賓語，這里的to是介詞。如：
Do you like listening to light music?你喜歡聽輕音樂嗎？
(3)hear 可用作及物動詞，也可用作不及物動詞，意思是“聽到、聽見”，指用耳朵聽到了某個聲音，表示無意識的動作，著重于聽的能力和結果。如：
We hear with our ears.我們用耳朵聽。
She listens but hears nothing.她聽了聽，但是什么也沒有聽見。
4. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little
(1)many修飾可數(shù)名詞，much修飾不可數(shù)名詞；都表示許多。例如：
He has many books.他有許多書。
He drank much milk.他喝了許多牛奶。
(2)a few和a little都表示"有一點兒"，側重于肯定，相當于"some"，但a few修
飾可數(shù)名詞，a little修飾不可數(shù)名詞，例如：
He has a few friends in London.他在倫敦有一些朋友。
Would you like some coffee? Yes, just a little.喝點咖啡好嗎？好的，只要一點。
(3)few和little表示"幾乎沒有"，側重否定。few后接可數(shù)名詞，little后接不可數(shù)名詞。例如：
He is a strange man. He has few words.他是個怪人，他幾乎不說什么話。
Hurry up, there is little time left.趕快，沒什么時間了。
5. either/ neither/ both
either可作形容詞，一般指"兩者中的任何一個"。有時也可表示"兩個都……"的意思，后跟名詞的單數(shù)形式；neither: 指兩者中沒有一個，全否定；both: 指兩者都，肯定。句中可作主語、賓語和定語，both后面應跟名詞的復數(shù)形式。如：
Neither of the films is good.兩部電影都不好。（沒有一部是好的）
Either of the films is good. 兩部電影都不錯。（謂語動詞用單數(shù)）
Both the teachers often answer the questions.這兩個老師都常常解答問題。
6. take part in/join
take part in參加某種活動; join參加，加入某一政黨或組織。例如：
Can you take part in my party.你能來參加我的派對嗎？
We often take part in many school activities.我們經常參加學校里的一些活動。
He joined the party in 1963. 他1963年入的黨。
My little brother joined the army last year. 我小弟去年參的軍。
7. quite/ rather/ very
(1)quite 表示程度“很，十分，完全地”，“相當”。如：
She is quite right.她對極了。
That‘s not quite what I want . 那并不完全是我所要的。
(2)rather 表示程度上的“相當”，比預想地程度要大，通常用在不喜歡的情況下。如：It‘s rather cold today.今天的天氣相當冷。
(3)very表示程度“很，甚，極其，非�！保糜谛揎椥稳菰~或副詞，既可用在喜歡的情況下，也可用于不喜歡的情況下。應注意“a very +形容詞+可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)”結構中，"a"應置于"very"之前，該結構相當“quite a/an +形容詞+名詞”的結構。如：
Two months is quite a long time. / a very long time. 兩個月是一段很長的時間。
It‘s a very nice day / quite a nice day. 今天天氣很好。
【考點掃描】
中考考點在本單元主要集中在：
1. 不定代詞/副詞的運用；
2. 反身代詞的用法；
3. 并列句；
4. 形容詞和副詞的比較等級；
5. 冠詞的用法；
6. 動詞的過去進行時；
7. 本單元學過的詞匯、短語和句型；
8. 本單元學過的日常交際用語。
考試形式可以是單項填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。
【中考范例】
1. (2004年江西省中考試題)
-I called you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.
-Oh, I am sorry I ___________ dinner at my friend’s home.
A. have B. had C. was having D. have had
【解析】答案：C。該提考查的是動詞的時態(tài)。表示過去某一時刻正在進行的動作應用過去進行時。
2. (2004年北京市中考試題)
-Which is _________, the sun, the moon or the earth?
-Of course the moon is.
A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest
【解析】答案：D。該提考查的是形容詞的比較等級。三者進行比較，其中最小的應用最高級，而形容詞最高級之前必須加頂冠詞the。
3. (2004年河北省中考試題)
Bob never does his homework _________ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.
A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as
【解析】答案：B。該提考查的是形容詞和副詞的用法區(qū)別�？瞻滋幩钡脑~是修飾動詞短語does his homework的，應該用副詞。另外，表示“某人做事不如某人細心”應用“not as carefully as”這樣的結構。
4. (2004年吉林省中考試題)
-I like riding fast. It’s very exciting.
-Oh! You mustn’t do it like that, ________ it may have an accident.
A. and B. or C. so D. but
【解析】答案：B。該提考查的是連接并列句的并列連詞的選擇。And通常連接兩個意思一致的并列句，so連接兩個有因果關系的并列句，but連接兩個有轉折關系的并列句，or相當于if not意思是“否則”。
【滿分演練】
一. 單項選擇
1. Who jumps ________ in your class?
A. far B. farther C. farthest D. longer
2. -I made the cake by ________. Help __________, Tom.
-Thanks, Jane.
A. ourselves; yourself B. myself; yourself
C. myself; yourselves D. ourselves; yourselves
3. There ________ a football game on TV this afternoon.
A. is going to have B. will be
C. is going to play D. will play
4. Wu Dong was _______ tired that he couldn‘t keep his eyes_________.
A. too, open B. so, closed C. too, closed D. so, open
5. Can you hear __________?
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. somebody
6. The students stop __________ when the teacher came in.
A. to talk B. talking C. talked D. talk
7. I told him ________ story.
A. the whole B. the all C. whole the D. all
8. Please _________ early tomorrow, mum.
A. wake up me B. wakes me up
C. wake me up D. will wake me up
9. He will go to the Great Wall if it __________ tomorrow.
A. won‘t rain B. doesn‘t rain C. don‘t rain D. isn‘t raining
10. Can you tell us _________?
A. where have you gone B. where you have gone
C. where have you been D. where you have been
11. Li Lei, sit down, please. I‘ll ________ you some tea.
A. take B. to bring C. get D. give
12. Don‘t forget to _________ your dictionary here tomorrow.
A. take B. bring C. carry D. borrow
13. He couldn‘t wash ________ when he was five years old.
A. his B. him C. himself D. herself
14. Why did you leave your daughter at home all by ________.
A. yourself B. himself C. herself D. myself
15. I bought my son a bike, _________ he like it a lot.
A. and B. but C. or D. at
16. _______ , Li Lei was far behind the others at first.
A. At the 800-metre race B. In the 800-metres race
C. In the 800-metre rece D. At the 800-metres race
17. My parents are teachers. They _________ teach English.
A. Both B. all C. both D. are
18. Kate is an __________ girl.
A. eight-year-old B. eight-years-old
C. six-year-old D. six-years-old
19. Who jumped _________ of all in the long jump?
A. longest B. longer C. farther D. farthest
20. The runner fell, but he quickly got up and _______.
A. went on running B. went on to run
C. went on run D. went on ran
二. 完型填空
Mr Smith left his car 1 his house one night, but when he came down the nest_2 to go to his office, he found the car 3 there. He called the police and told them the 4 . And they said they must 5 him to find the car.
6 Mr Smith came home from his office that evening, the car was back again in its usual (通常的) place 7 his house, He examined (檢察) it carefully to see if (是否) it was damaged (損壞), and found 8 theatre (劇院) tickets on one of the seats (座位) and a letter, It said, “We feel very 9 . We took your car because we had an mergency (急診).”
Mr and Mrs Smith went to the theatre with the two tickets the next night and 10 themselves very much.
When they got home, they found thieves (賊) took away everything in their house.
1. A inside B. outside C. from D. under
2. A. evening B. morning C. afternoon D. night
3. A. wasn‘t B. was C. left D. went
4. A. wrong B. matter C. thing D. idea
5. A. made B. let C. help D. ask
6. A. If B. Because C. When D. Before
7. A. in the front of B. in front of
C. on the front of D. on front of
8. A. many B. no C. two D. one
9. A. sorry B. afraid C. happy D. sad
10. A. helped B. taught C. hurt D. enjoyed
三. 閱讀理解
(A)
Do you live in a city? Do you know how cities begin? Long ago, the world had only a few thousand people. These people moved from place to place. They moved over the land, hunting (打獵) animals for food.
No one knows how or where these people learned about growing food. But when they did, their lives (生活) changed. They didn‘t have to look for food any more. They could stay in one place and grow it.
People began to live near one another. And so the first villages grew.
Many people came to work in the village. These villages grew very big.
When machines came along (出現(xiàn)), life in the villages changed again. Factories were built (建立). More and more people lived near the factories. The cities grew very big.
Today, some people are moving back to small towns. Can you tell why?
根據(jù)短文內容判斷正誤：正確的答“A”，錯誤的答“B”。
1. Long ago, a few people could stay in one place, hunting animals for food.
2. When these people learned to grow food, their lives changed.
3. Factories were built after the cities grew big.
4. Today, some people don‘t live to live in big cities.
5. Everyone knows how and where cities began.
(B)
Almost everyone likes dogs, and almost everyone likes to read stories about dogs. I have a friend. He has a large police dog named Jack. Police dogs are very clever. Every Sunday afternoon my friend takes Jack for a long walk in the park. Jack like these long walks very much.
One Sunday afternoon a young man came to visit my friend. He stayed a long time. He talked and talked. Soon it was time for my friend to take Jack for his walk. But the visitor still stayed. Jack became very worried. He walked around the room several times and then sat down in front of the visitor and looked at him. But the visitor paid not attention. He went on talking. Finally Jack got angry. He went out of the room and came back a few minutes later. He sat down again in front of the visitor, but this time he took the visitor‘s cap in his mouth.
1. The young visitor stayed a long time, didn‘t he? __________.
A. Yes, he did
B. Yes, he didn‘t
C. No, He didn‘t
D. No, he did.
2. Jack became very worried because ____________.
A. he wanted to have something to eat
B. he wanted to play with him
C. he wanted to go out
D. he didn‘t know the young man
3. Jack sat down in front of the visitor because _____________.
A. he wanted to join the talk
B. he wanted the visitor to leave
C. he wanted the visitor to talk with him
D. he wanted to show the visitor how clever he was
4. The visitor went on talking and ________________.
A. he didn‘t like Jack
B. he paid no attention to Jack
C. he paid no attention to his cap
D. he didn‘t care that his cap was his cap was taken away by Jack
5. Jack went out of the room with nothing, but came back with ________ in his mouth.
A. something
B. nothing
C. the visitor‘s cap
D. the visitor‘s shoe
(C)
Mr White and his wife wanted to paint(油漆) the outside of their house. To save(節(jié)省) money they wanted to do it themselves. On Saturday morning they bought some paint and two brushes(刷子). They began that afternoon with the back ol the house. The next Saturday Mr White went to a football match(比賽) but his wife painted the front of the house. On Sunday they found they couldn‘t open any of the front windows. They got them all open in the end. But they broke three of the seven. They were very dear to mend. Next time when they want to save money they’ll certainly ask somebody to do the work.
l. Mr White wanted to paint ___________________ .
A. the front of the house B. the back of the house
C. the front windows D. the outside of the house
2. They wanted to do the work themselves because_________________ .
A. the windows were very easy to break
B. the windows were very hard to open
C. nobody could do this work well
D. they didn‘t want to give more money
3. The work lasted for about ___________________.
A. two days B. less than a week
C. three days D. more than a week
4. They have to ask somebody to mend the ________________ windows.
A. three B. four C . five D. seven
5. Next time they will ask somebody to work for them because
A. they want to go to football matches
B. it is no longer an interesting thing for them
C. they have no more paint and brushes
D. they really want to save some money
四. 據(jù)句意，用方框中所給詞或短語填空
A. catch up with F. a moment later
B. fell behind G. passing …on to
C. getting ready to H. At the same time
D. dropped I. neck and neck
E. On the first lap J. won
1._________________ the boys and the girls passed the ball to each other.
2.The teacher shouted to the runners_______________, “Come on! Come on!”
3.The Class 4 runner fell and ___________________the others.
4.The monkey is ___________the hat _____________the other small monkeys.
5.What are they doing ? They’re _______________do some cleaning.
6.The runner from Class 2 _____________his slick .Bad luck.
7.LingFeng and Jim were __________________at first.
8.____________________ the students ran very fast, but on the second lap they were too tired to ran farther.
9.Look! The short girl from Class 3 is beginning to ______________the girls in front.
10.At last Class One ____________________the boys’ relay race.
五. 完成句子
1. 英語是我班最受的科目之一。
English is _____________ in our class.
2．請把這只盒子帶到辦公室去。
Please __________ to the office.
3．我們應該向雷鋒同志學習。
We should _____________ comrade Lei Feng.
4．她正打算去看電影。
She _________ see a film.
5．莉莉于1987年6月29日出生在上海。
Lily _______________.
6．見到你我很高興。
I _________ to see you.
7．看上去她不舒服。
She seems __________sell.
8．他也喜歡開妹妹的玩笑。
He also likes to __________ his younger sister.
9．我很難算出這道題。
It is hard for me to _________ the problem.
10．你能確定他拿了第一名嗎？
_______________ he got the first prize?
初三年級（上）
【知識梳理】
I. 重點短語
1. at the moment
2. used to
3. for a while
4. walk away with sth.
5. leave for some place
6. sooner or later
7. pay for
8. come up with an idea
9. think of
10. have a try
11. all over the world
12. be famous for
13. large numbers of
14. all the year round
15. no matter what
16. give up
17. for example
18. by the way
19. on business
20. so far
21. come true
22. set off
23. slow down
24. go on doing
25. wait for
26. be proud of
27. be afraid of
28. speak highly of
29. a year and a half
30. half a year
31. pick up
32. as soon as
33. keep… clean
34. take care of
35. cut down
36. make a contribution to
37. base on
38. make sure
39. take away
40. begin with
41. right now
42. as soon as possible
43. leave a message
44. all kinds of things
45. walk around
46. fall asleep
47. wake up
48. go on a trip
49. have a good time
50. take photos
51. come out
52. come on
53. have a family meeting
54. talk about
55. go for a holiday
56 go scuba diving
57. write down
58. by oneself
59. walk along
60. get a chance to do sth
61. have a wonderful time
62. book a room
63. have an accident
64. be interested in
65. use sth. to do sth.
66. make a TV show
67. be amazed at
68. take part in
69. feed on
70. get out of
II. 重要句型
1. Why don’t you do sth.?
2. make sb. Happy
3. borrow sth. from sb.
4. forget to do sth.
5. pay fro sth.
6. return sth. To sb.
7. learn sth. from sb.
8. be famous for sth.
9. No matter what…
10. be with sb.
11. go on doing sth.
12. speak highly of sb.
13. keep doing sth.
14. allow sb. To do sth.
15. encourage sb. to do sth. 16. It is said that…
III. 交際用語
1. - Excuse me, have you got …?
- Yes, I have. (Sorry, I haven’t.)
2. - Why don’t you …?
- Thanks, I will.
3. - Thanks a lot. (Thank you very much.)
- You are welcome.
4. - Have you ever done…?
- Yes, I have, once. (No, never.)
5. - I’ve just done…
- Really?
6. -What’s …like ?
7. - How long have you been…?
- Since…
8. - Have you ever been to…?
- I’ve never been there. (None of us has./ Only …h(huán)as. )
9. - Would you like to have a try?
- I don’t think I can…
10. - What have you done since…?
11. - How long have you been at this …?
- For…
12. - How long has she/ he worked there…?
- She’s / He’s worked there for… / all her / his life.
13. - I’m sorry he isn’t here right now.
14. - May I help you?
15. - That’s very kind of you.
16. -Could we go scuba diving?
17. - Could you tell us how long we’re going to be away?
18. - Let’s try to find some information about it, OK?
19. - Could you please tell me how to search the Internet?
20. - Go straight along here.
21. -Please go to Gate 12.
22. - Please come this way.
23. - Could you tell me what you think about Hainan Island?
24. - That sounds really cool!
IV. 重要語法
1. 賓語從句
2. 現(xiàn)在完成時
3. 一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的用法比較：
【名師講解】
1. Maybe/ may be
(1) maybe是副詞，意思是“大概，也許”，常用作狀語。
Maybe you put it in your bag.也許你把它放在包里了。
“Will he come tomorrow?”“Maybe not.” “他明天來嗎？”“也許不”。
(2) may be相當于是情態(tài)動詞may與be動詞搭配一起作謂語，意思是“也許是…，可能是…”。
It may be 9:00 when they arrive.他們可能于九點到達。
The man may be a lawyer. 那人也許是律師。
2. borrow/ lend/ keep/ use
(1) borrow表示的是從別人那里借來東西，即我們通常所說的“借進來”。
We often borrow books from our school library.我們經常從學校圖書館借書。
I borrowed this dictionary from my teacher. 我從老師那兒借來了這本字典。
borrow是一個瞬間完成的動作，因此不能與時間段連用。
You can borrow my recorder for three days. ( 錯誤 )
I have borrowed this book for only one week. ( 錯誤 )
(2) lend表示的是把自己的東西借給別人，即我們通常所說的“借出去”。
Thank you for lending me your bike.謝謝你把自行車借給我。
He often lends money to his brother.他經常借錢給他弟弟。
lend與borrow一樣，也是一個瞬間完成的 動作，不能與一段時間連用。
(3) keep的意思也是“借”，但一般是指借來后的保存或使用階段，是一段持續(xù)的時間，因此可以與時
間段連用。
You can keep my recorder for three days.我的錄音機你可以借用三天。
I have kept this book for only one week.這本書我才剛借了一星期。
(4) use也可以當“借用”講，但它的本意是“用，使用”。
May I use your ruler? 我能借你的尺子用一下嗎？
He had to use this public telephone.他不得不使用這部公用電話。
3. leave/ leave for
(1) leave意思是“離開，留下”。
We left Shanghai two years ago.我們兩年前離開了上海。
He left his cell phone in the taxi last week.他上周把手機落在出租車里了。
(2) leave for意思是“前往”，表示要去的目的地。
We will leave for Tibet next month.我們將于下月去西藏。
The train is leaving for Moscow.這趟火車即將開往莫斯科。
4. since/ for
(1) since用于完成時態(tài)，既能用作介詞，也能用作連詞，后常接時間點，意思是“自從”。
He has been a worker since he came into this city.
自從他來到這個城市，他就是工人了。
I have never seen him since we last met in Shanghai .
自從我們上次在上海見過之后，我再也沒見過他。
since作連詞，還有“既然”的意思。
Since you are interested in it, just do it. 既然你對它感興趣，那就做吧。
You can have fun now since you’ve finished your work.
既然你已經做完了功課，就開心玩會兒吧。
(2) for用于完成時，用作介詞，后常接一段時間，意思是“經過…”。
I have learned English for five years.我已經學了五年英語了。
They have waited for you for 30 minutes.他們已經等了你三十分鐘了。
for也可以用作連詞，但意思是“因為”。
They missed the flight for they were late.他們由于完到了而誤了航班。
He fell ill for many reasons.他由于多種原因病倒了。
5. neither/ either/ both
(1) neither作代詞是對兩者都進行否定，意思為“兩者都不”，作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù).
Neither of the boys is from England.這兩個男孩都不是來自英國。
I know neither of them. 他們兩個我都不認識。
neither用作形容詞，也修飾單數(shù)名詞，意思與作代詞時相同；用作連詞時，一般與nor搭配，表示 “既不…也不”。作主語時，謂語動詞也遵循就近原則。
She neither ate nor drank yesterday. 她既不吃也不喝。
Neither he nor we play football on Sundays. 他和我們星期天都不踢球。
(2) either作代詞時，是指兩者中的任意一方,(兩者之)每一個，故作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù).
Either of the books is new.這兩本書任何一本都是新的.
She doesn’t like either of the films.這兩部電影她都不喜歡.
either作形容詞, 用來修飾單數(shù)名詞,意思與作介詞時相同.
Either school is near my home. (這兩所學校中的)任何一所學校都離我家很近.
Either question is difficult.兩個問題(中的任何一個)都難.
either作連詞時,一般與or搭配,表示兩者選其一，意思是“不是…就是”。作主語時，謂語動詞遵循就近原則。
Either he or I am right.不是他就是我是對的。
Either my sister or my parents are coming to see me.不是我姐姐就是我父母要來
看我。
(3) both作代詞時，指的是所涉及到的“兩者都”, 故作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。
I like both of the stories.這兩個故事我都喜歡。
Both of my parents are teachers.我父母兩人都是老師。
both作形容詞時，用來修飾兩者,意思與作代詞時相同.
Both his arms are hurt.他的兩只胳膊都受傷了。
Both these students are good at English. 這兩個學生都擅長英語。
both用作連詞時，多與and搭配，表示“既…又, 不僅…而且”, 作主語時,謂語動詞仍用復數(shù)形式。
Both piano and violin are my bobbies.鋼琴和小提琴都是我的愛好。
They study both history and physics. 他們既學歷史，又學物理。
6. find/look for/ find out
(1) find強調找的結果，意思是“找到”。此外還有“發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)覺”的意思，后可接賓語從句。
Jim couldn’t find his hat.吉姆找不著帽子了。
Have you found your lost keys? 你找到丟失的鑰匙了嗎？
He found the lights were on along the street.他發(fā)現(xiàn)沿街的燈都亮了
(2) look for的意思為“尋找”，指的是找的動作而非結果。另外，還有“盼望，期待”的意思。
She is looking for her son.她正在找她的兒子。
We’ve been looking for the car since early this morning.我們從今天一大早就開始找這輛車了。
I look for the coming holiday.我期待著即將來臨的假期。
(3) find out含有經過觀察、研究或探索而得知的意思，后常接較抽象的事物，意思是“找出，發(fā)現(xiàn)，查明（真相）”等。
I can find out who took my money away.我能查出誰拿了我的錢。
Could you find out when the plane arrives? 你能設法知道飛機何時到嗎？
7. forget to do/ forget doing
(1) forget to do是指忘記去做某件事了，即該事還沒有做。
Please don’t forget to call this afternoon.今天下午不要忘了給我打電話。
I forgot to take some small change with me.我身上忘了帶零錢了。
(2) forget doing是指忘記某件已經做過的事情，即該事已經做了，但被忘記了。
He forgot telling me his address.他忘了告訴過我地址了。
They forgot having been here before.他們忘了以前曾來過這兒。
8. stop doing/ stop to do
(1) stop doing是指停止做某事，即doing這個動作不再繼續(xù)。
They stopped debating.他們停止了辯論。（不辯論了）
He had to stop driving as the traffic lights changed in to red. 由于交通燈變成了紅色，他不得不停車。
(2) stop to do是指停下來開始做另一件事，即停止原先的事，開始做do這個動作。
She stopped to have a rest.她停下來休息會兒。（開始休息）
They stopped to talk.他們停下來開始交談。
9. except/ besides
(1) except是指不包括后面所提人或物在內的“除了”，可以理解為“撇開…不談”,表示兩部分的不同。
Everyone is excited except me.
除我以外的每個人都很激動。（他們激動，而我卻不激動）
All the visitors are Japanese except him.
除他以外的所有游客都是日本人。（其他人是日本人，可他不是）
(2)besides是包括后面所提人或物在內的“除了”，可以理解為“除之外…還、除之外…又”，表示兩部分
的相似性。
Twenty-five students went to the cinema besides him.
除他以外，還有25個學生去看了電影。(他和另外25人都去了)
We like biology besides English.
除了英語外，我們還喜歡生物。（生物和英語都喜歡）
besides還可用作副詞，意思是“此外；而且”，常用于句首或句尾。
He is a great thinker, and besides, he is a politician.
他是一名偉大的思想家，除此以外，他還是一位政治家。
They encouraged me, and they supported me with money, besides.
他們不僅鼓勵我，而且與我以金錢上的支持。
10. keep doing/ keep on doing
(1) keep doing指的是連續(xù)地、堅持不斷地做某事，中間不間斷。
It kept blowing for a whole day.刮了一整天風了。
The temperature keeps dropping.溫度持續(xù)下降。
(2) keep on doing是指反復堅持做某事，但動作之間略有間隔。
They have kept on writing to each other for many years.他們已經互相通信多年了。
After drinking some water, he kept on talking.喝了一些水后，他堅持講話。
11. seem/ look
(1) seem一般著重于以客觀跡象為依據(jù)，意思是“似乎、好象、看起來…”。
The baby seems to be happy.嬰兒看上去似乎很高興。
He seemed to be sorry for that.他似乎為那件事感到抱歉。
seem能與to do結構連用，而look不能。
It seems to rain. 似乎要下雨了。
They seemed to have finished their work.他們似乎已經完成了工作。
在it作形式主語的句型中只能用seem。
It seems that he is quite busy now.他現(xiàn)在看起來很忙。
It seems to us that there is nothing serious.在我看來沒什么大不了的。
(2) look用作“看起來；好像”時，常從物體的外觀或樣貌上來判斷，是以視覺所接受的印象為依據(jù)的。
The room looks clean.這間房看起來很干凈。
The girl looks like her mother.那女孩看起來向她的媽媽。
12. such/ so
(1)such常用作形容詞，用來修飾名詞。
Don’t be such a fool.別這么傻。
He is such a clever boy.他是如此聰明的一個男孩。
(2) so是副詞，用來修飾形容詞或副詞。
He is so kind! 他真好心！
Why did you come so late? 你為何回來得如此晚？
當名詞前有many, much, few, little等表示多、少時，應該用so。
He has so many friends.他有如此多的朋友。
Only so little time is left! 才剩這么一點兒時間！
13. either/ too/ also
(1)either用作“也”時是副詞，常用于否定句句尾。
She is not a Japanese, I’m not, either.她不是日本人，我也不是。
My sister doesn’t like this song, either.我妹妹也不喜歡這首歌。
(2)too常用于肯定句或疑問句尾，表示“也”。
He likes China, too.他也喜歡中國。
Are you in Grade 3, too? 你也在三年級嗎？
(3)also也常用于肯定句或疑問句，但一般位于句中。
We are also students.我們也是學生。
He also went there on foot.他也是走著去的。
Did you also want to have a look? 你也想看看嗎？
14. if/ whether
在下列情況下只能用whether而非if：
(1)與or not連用時，只能用whether.
We want to know whether you are ill or not. 我們想知道你是否生病了。
Please tell me whether or not you have finished your work.
請告訴我們你是否完成了工作。
(2)后接動詞不定式時，只能用whether.
Adam didn’t know whether to go or stay.亞當不知道是走還是留。
He hasn’t decided whether to have dinner with me.他還沒決定是否和我共進晚
餐。
(3)所引導的賓語從句放在主句之前時，只能用whether.
Whether it will rain or snow, we don’t mind. 我們不在乎將要刮風還是下雨。
Whether I won or lost, she didn’t want to know.我是贏是輸她不想知道。
(4)引導主語從句或表語從句時，一般用whether.
The most important was whether they had gone.最重要的是他們是不是已經
走了。
Whether he will go with me is a secret.他是否會和我一起去還是個秘密。
if能引導條件狀語從句，表示“如果，假如”，而whether沒有此用法。
We’ll have a football match if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.如果明天不下雨，我們
要進行足球賽。
I’ll tell him if I sees him.我看見他就告訴他。
If you’re in danger, please call 110.如果你遇到危險，請撥打110。
15. cost/ spend/ pay/ take
(1) cost一般用某物來做主語，表示“（某物）值…、花費…”，既能指花費時
間也能指金錢。
The new bike costs me 300 yuan.這輛新自行車花了我三百元。
It will cost you a whole to read through this book.通讀這本書將會花費你整整
一周時間。
cost 還可以用作名詞，表示“成本、費用、價格、代價”等。
What’s the cost of this TV set? 這臺電視機的成本是多少錢？
They succeeded at the cost of hard work.他們辛苦地工作換來的成功。
(2) spend一般用某人來作主語，表示“（某人）花費…，付出…”，也能指時間或金錢，指時間時常與 in搭配，指金錢時常與on或for搭配。
We spent two days in repairing this machine.我們花了兩天時間修理這臺機器。
Mr. Lee spends $20 on books every month.李先生每月花二十美元在書上。
(3) pay用作動詞時，一般也以某人作主語，但一般指花錢、付款等，很少用來指花費時間。常與for搭配使用。
They paid 70 yuan for the tickets.他們花了七十元買票。
He was too poor to pay for his schooling.他窮得交不起學費。
pay還可以用作名詞，意思為“薪水、工資”等。
It’s hard for me to live with such low pay.我很難靠這么低的薪水生活下去。
(4)take也指“花費(時間、金錢)”，但通常用某事、某物做主語，或用形式主語it.
How long will the meeting take? 會議要開多久？
It took me several hours to get there. 我花了幾個小時才到那兒。
16. bad/ badly
這兩個詞的意思含有“壞、糟、嚴重”等意思，且它們有共同的比較級worse和最高級worst 。
(1) bad是一個形容詞，意思是“壞的，糟糕的，差的，嚴重的”。
I don’t think he is a bad person.我并不認為他是一個壞人。
I had a bad headache.我的頭疼得很厲害。
(2)badly是一個副詞，意思是“不好地，差”，也可以表示程度，意為“嚴重地，非常，極度”。
We need help badly.我們急需幫助。
His arm was badly hurt.他的胳膊嚴重受傷了。
17. interested/ interesting
(1) interested是指“對…產生興趣的，對…感興趣的”，一般用人做主語，后常用介詞in.
He was interested in biology before.他以前對生物感興趣。
I’m not interested in art.我對藝術不感興趣。
(2)interesting的意思是“有趣的”，指能夠給人帶來興趣的某人或某事物。
He is an interesting old man.他是個有趣的老頭。
The interesting story attracted me. 這個有趣的故事吸引了我。
18. dead/ die/ death/ dying
(1) dead是形容詞，意思為“死了的、無生命的”，表示狀態(tài)，可以與一段時間連用。
The tree has been dead for ten years.這棵樹死了有十年了。
The rabbits are all dead. 這些兔子都是死的。
(2) die是動詞，意思為“死、死亡”，是一個瞬間動詞，不能與一段時間連用。
My grandpa died two years ago.我爺爺兩年前去世了。
The old man died of cancer.老人死于癌癥。
(3) death是名詞，意思為“死亡、去世”等。
The memorial hall was built one year after his death.
他死后一年，紀念館建成了。
His death is a great loss to us.他的死是我們的巨大損失。
(4) dying 是die的現(xiàn)在分詞，用作形容詞，意思是“垂死的、即將死去的”。
The doctors have saved the dying man.醫(yī)生們救活了那個垂死的人。
The poor dog had no food, it was dying.可憐的狗沒有食物,快要餓死了。
【考點掃描】
中考考點在本單元主要集中在：
1. 賓語從句的時態(tài)和語序；
2. 一般過去時和過去完成時的用法區(qū)別；
3. 本單元學過的詞匯、短語和句型；
4. 本單元學習的日常交際用語。
考試形式可以是單項填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。
【中考范例】
1. （2004年北京市海淀區(qū)中考試題）
-Do you know ________________?
-Only ten months old.
A. when does Tiger Woods start golfing
B. when did Tiger Woods start golfing
C. when Tiger Woods starts golfing
D. when Tiger Woods started golfing
【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是賓語從句的時態(tài)和語序。這個賓語從句的時態(tài)應用一般過去時，應為這里說的是過去的事情。語序應用陳述句的語序，所以正確答案是: when Tiger Woods started golfing。
2. （2004年北京市海淀區(qū)中考試題）
I’m interested in animals, so I _____________ every Saturday working in an animal hospital.
A. pay B. get C. take D. spend
【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是pay, get, take和spend這四個動詞的用法區(qū)別。只有動詞spend可以用在sb. spends time doing sth. 這個句型里，所以正確答案影視spend。
3. （2004年天津市中考試題）
Could I ________ your telephone? I have something important to tell my parents.
A. keep B. borrow C. use D. lend
【解析】答案：C。該題考查的是keep, borrow, use和lend四個動詞的用法區(qū)別。keep的真正含義是“保留”，borrow的含義是“借入”，lend的含義是“借出”，只有use的含義是“使用”。在這個句子里實際上是“使用”的意思，所以應選use。
4. （2004年鄂州市中考試題）
-Hi, Ann. Where’s your brother? I need his help.
-He left home two weeks ago and ________away ever since.
A. is B. was C. has been D. had been
【解析】答案：C。該題考查的是動詞時態(tài)的用法區(qū)別。一般現(xiàn)在時表示經常發(fā)生的動作或現(xiàn)在所處的狀態(tài)；一般過去時表示過去的動作或過去所處的狀態(tài)；過去完成時表示過去的動作或過去的時間以前發(fā)生的事情；現(xiàn)在完成時表示動作或狀態(tài)從過去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或剛剛結束。這里只能用現(xiàn)在完成時。
【滿分演練】
一. 單項填空
1. Mr Green asked the children to _____the words in the dictionary.
A. look at B. look up C. look for D. look after
2. May I _____ your bike? Certainly, but you can‘t _____it to other.
A. lend, lend B. borrow, lend C. borrow, borrow D. lend, borrow
3. Mr Brown _____in China since 20 years ago.
A. worked B. works C. is working D. has worked
4. There______ be many trees here two years ago.
A. is B. are C. use to D. used to
5. Neither my brother nor I ____a doctor.
A.is B.am C.are D.be
6. ____of my parents ____ watching TY.
A.Both, likes B.Either, like C.Neither, like D.Neither, likes
7. I really don‘t know ____ next. Can you tell me ?
A.how to do B.what to do C.how will I do it D.what to do it
8. He has lived here ___ 1965.
A. since B. for C. in D. from
9. If you are tired, please stop ___ a rest.
A. having B. have C. to have D. has
10.She has never come to the farm before, _____ she?
A. has B. hasn‘t C. does D. doesn‘t
11. It is ____book that I have ____ it twice.
A.such an interesting…seen B.so an interesting…read
C.so interesting…looked D.such an interesting…read
12. The doctor was busy ____ on the boy at that time.
A.operate B.to operate C.operated D.operating
13. The policeman told the children _____play in the street.
A. didn‘t B. to not C. not to D. don‘t
14. Mother returned home _____earlier than Father that evening.
A. very B. too C. more D. much
15. I won‘t go to see the film tonight, because I ______ my ticket．
A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didn‘t lose
二. 完形填空
Children like to copy(模仿) what they hear. They copy their parents，their friends and even the TV. This teaches them how to speak the language. Copying also does good to students of a second ____1______. When you listen to foreigners speak English，_____2_____ what they say as loudly as you can.
Children don’t practise grammar, but use the language to ____3_____ that interests them. They don’t ____4_____ their vocabulary or poor grammar. They find ways to ____5_____ themselves，and they do it successfully.
Students of English should also pay their attention to ______6______. Look for chances to talk with people in English. If you can’t find a ____7____ to talk to, talk with other students of English instead. _____8_____ an English discussion and talk about music, movies or whatever _____9_____you. Don’t worry about _____10___. The objective(目標) is to earn how to communicate(交流) easily and comfortably. Remember that you can communicate successfully even with a small vocabulary.
1. A. year B. grade C. language D. country
2. A. repeat B. hear C. believe D. remember
3. A. write letters B. keep diaries C. talk to people D. talk about things
4. A. look for B. complain about C. laugh at D. go over
5. A. enjoy B. help C. relax D. express
6. A. grammar B. vocabulary C. communication D. English
7. A. foreigner B. topic C. chance D. visitor
8. A. Start B. Build C. Use D. Make
9. A. understands B. interests C. improves D. allows
10. A. lessons B. exams C. wasting time D. making mistakes
三. 閱讀理解
(A)
We can see walls everywhere in the world. But the Great Wall of China is the
biggest of all. The Chinese call it "The Ten-thousand-Li Great Wall". It is in fact
more than 6,000 kilometres long. It is 4-5 metres wide. In most places, five horses or
ten men can walk side by side.
When you visit the Great Wall, you can‘t help wondering how the Chinese
people were able to build such a great wall thousands of years ago. Without any modern machine, it was really very difficult to build it. They had to do all the work by hand. It took millions of men hundreds of years to build it.
The Great Wall has a history of over two thousand years. The kings began to build the first parts of it around two thousand seven hundred years ago. Then Qin Shihuang had all the walls joined up. He thought that could keep the enemy out of the country.
Today the Great Wall has become a place of interest. Not only Chinese people but also people from all over the world come to visit it.
1. The Great Wall is the biggest of all walls in _________.
A. China B. Europe C. the world D. Asia (亞洲)
2. How long is the Great Wall?
A. It‘s less than six hundred kilometres. B. It‘s over six million kilometres.
C. It‘s six thousand kilometres. D. It‘s more than six thousand kilometres.
3. It took _____ men ______ years to build the Great Wall.
A. millions; millions B. hundreds of; hundreds of
C. millions of; hundreds of D. hundreds of; millions of
4.The Great Wall was built ______________.
A. by people all over the world B. without any modern machines
C. with some other countries‘ help D. by all Chinese kings
5. Qin Shihuang thought the Great Wall could _________.
A. keep the enemy out of his country B. keep his body in it
C. be visited by all the people D. make his country beautiful
(B)
In 776 B.C. the first Olympic Games were held at the foot of Mount Olympus to honor Greeks‘ chief god, Zeus(向希臘主要神祗宙斯獻禮). The Greeks praised (注重)physical fitness and strength in their education of youth. Therefore, running, boxing, horse-racing, discus throwing and so on were held in each city and the winners competed every four years at Mount Olympus. Winners were greatly honored by having olive wreaths(橄欖枝花環(huán))placed on their heads and having poems sung about their deeds. Originally(起初)these were held as games of friendship, and any wars that were going on were stopped to allow the games .
The Greeks regarded these games as so important that they counted time in four-year cycles called "Olympiads" dating from 776 B.C.
1. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. The first Olympic Games were held to celebrate.
B. Winners were greatly honored by having olive wreaths placed on their heads.
C. Battles were stopped to let the games take place.
D. Poems were sung in the honor of winners.
2 Nearly how many years ago did these games start?
A. 776 years. B. 1250 years. C. 2278 years. D. 2760 years.
3. Which of the following matches was not mentioned in the passage ?
A. Discus throwing B. Boxing C. Skating D. Running
4. What conclusion can we reach about the ancient Greeks ?
A. They liked to fight.
B. They were very good at sports.
C. They liked a lot of ceremony (儀式).
D. They couldn‘t count, so that they used "Olympiads" for dates.
(C)
Over thirty thousand years ago people from northern Asia went to America. Today, we call these people Indians.
The Indians went to America because the weather began to change. Northern Asia became very cold. Everything froze. They had to move or die. How did the first Indians go to America? They walked!
Later Columbus found the New World in 1492. At first, only a few Europeans followed. They traveled to America in boats. For the next three hundred years, about 500,000 people went there. Then the number grew very quickly. From 1815 to 1915, over thirty-two million Europeans left their countries and went to the United States. The biggest groups were from Germany and Italy. These Europeans spoke many different languages. Most of them took almost no money. They went to America so that they could find a better life.
1. __________ went to America first.
A. People from northern Asia
B. People from Europe
C. People from Germany
D. Columbus
2. Why did the Indians go to America? Because ________.
A. northern Asia became very hot
B. northern Asia became very cold
C. they were interested in America
D. they liked traveling
3. The New World was ___________.
A. Italy B. northern Asia C. Germany D. America
4. The first Europeans went to America _______________.
A. by ship B. by bike C. by boat D. by train
5. These Europeans ______________.
A. didn‘t speak the same language
B. spoke English only
C. spoke German only
D. spoke both English and German
6. The Europeans went to America in order to _________.
A. find the New World
B. find a better life
C. build more boats
D. learn English
四. 補全對話: 給下面對話的空白處填上適當?shù)脑~，使對話通順，符合邏輯。
( Jim and Han Li are talking about the coming summer holiday.)
Ben: Hello, Han li, where are you going for your summer holiday?
Han Li: I‘m ___1___ sure. I‘m thinking ___2___ going to Guilin. What about you?
Ben: I‘m going to Chongqing and Wuhan ___3___ my parents.
Han Li: ___4___ are you going there?
Ben: First we‘ll fly to Wuhan, and then go to Chongqing ___5___ ship.
Han Li: That‘s a good idea. I‘m sure you‘ll enjoy it. Wish you a pleasant journey!
Ben: Thank you!
五. 完成句子: 根據(jù)漢語句子的意思，完成下列英語句子。
1. 你為什么把收音機開這么大聲？
______ do you turn your radio so loud _____ ?
2. 整個會議將持續(xù)3個小時。
The whole meeting will ______ ______ 3 hours.
3. 我們都喜歡跟那只小狗玩。
We all like ______ ______ with the dog.
4. 很抱歉，我沒有帶食物。
I‘m sorry, I don‘t ______ any food ______ me.
5 .你的新錄音機是什么樣？
What ______ your new recorder ______ ?
6. 謝謝你告訴我這個消息。
Thank you ______ ______ me the news.
7. 昨晚他們直到十一點才停止談話。
They ______ stop talking ______ 11 o‘clock last night.
8. 這是一封露茜寫給小帆的信。
This is a letter ______ Lucy ______ Xiaofan.
初三年級（中）
【知識梳理】
I. 重點短語
1. give up
2. try out
3. most of
4. not…any more
5. at the age of
6. at that time
7. send message by telegraph
8. graduate from
9. turn down
10. put up
11. at the top of
12. get together
13. from house to house
14. at the end of
15. on top of
16. as well
17. climb down
18. in a single night
19. even though
20. live on
21. once upon a time
22. according to
23. keep warm
24. on the other hand
25. on show
26. on display
27. in the future
28. look up
29. Tree Planting Day
30. just right
31. as often as possible
32. wash away
33. in this way
34. in a few years‘ time
35. point to
36. thanks to
37. more or less
38. so far
39. shut down
40. send up
41. put off
II. 重要句型
1.set one‘s mind to do sth.
2. put … together
3. stop…from…
4. keep…from…
5. be filled with sth.
6. give birth to
7. be covered with
8. be made of
9. fill…with…
10. match…with
11. be used for
12. have nothing to do with
13. come up with
14. no matter how…
15. keep sb./sth.warm
III. 交際用語
1. -I‘m trying to …
2. - I‘ll …
3. - Which of these would you like most to …?
4. - What do you want to … ?
5. - I want to…
6. - I hope to …
7. - I plan to…
8. - I‘m going to…
9. - I‘m so happy that …
10. - I‘m glad ….
11. - me too.
12. - What‘s this called in English?
13. - What‘s it made of?
14. - It‘s made of …
15. - What‘s it used for?
16. - It‘s used for …
17. - English is widely used for business/ …
18. - It is one of the world‘s most important languages as it is so widely used.
19. - Where is / are … grown / produced / made ?
20. - The (ground ) must be just right…
21. - It‘s best to …
22. - The hole should not be too deep.
23. - The Great Green Wall is 7000 kilometres long, and between 400 and 1700 kilometres wide.
24. - The more, the better.
25. - More or less!
26. - The (ground ) must be just right…
27. - The hole should not be too deep.
28. 掌握以下常見標志：
ENTRANCE EXIT PUSH PULL NO SMOKING NO PARKING
FRAGILE THIS SIDE UP NO PHOTOS DANGER BUSINESS HOURS
PLAY STOP PAUSE ON OFF
IV. 重要語法
1. 動詞被動語態(tài)的結構和用法；
2. 動詞不定式的功能和用法。
【名師講解】
1. be able to/ can
(1) 都能表示“能夠，具備干某件事的能力”這個含義，此時可以互換。
Mr. Green is able to finish the work on time.
= Mr. Green can finish the work on time.
格林先生能夠按時完成這項工作。
(2) be able to可以用于各種時態(tài)，而can 為情態(tài)動詞，多用于現(xiàn)在時，其過去式為could。
We are sure he will be able to be an artist when he grows up.
我們相信他長大后能夠成為一名畫家。
Miss Lin has been able to pay the car by herself.
林小姐已經能夠自己負擔那輛車了。
(4) Can除了表示“能夠，有能力做某事”以外，還有如下用法，而be able to 則沒有。表示請求，但語
氣沒有could委婉
Can I have a look at this picture? 我能看看這張圖片嗎？
Can we leave school after 6:00 p.m. ?我們可以在下午6點之后再離開學校嗎？
表示可能性。
That man can’t be our new teacher. 那人不可能是我們的新老師。
The exam can’t be too difficult.考試不會太難。
2. bring/ take/carry/fetch
(1) bring一般是指拿來，即從別處往說話人這里拿，翻譯成“帶來”。
He brought us some good news.他給我們帶來了一些好消息。
Please don’t forget to bring your homework tomorrow.
明天請別忘了把家庭作業(yè)帶來。
(2) take一般是指從說話人這里往別處拿，翻譯成“帶走”。
Please take the umbrella with you. It’s going to rain.要下雨了，請把傘帶上。
She took the dictionary away.她把字典拿走了。
(3) carry不強調方向，表示“攜帶、背著、運送、搬扛”等意思。
They carried the boxes into the factory. 他們把箱子搬進了工廠。
A taxi carried them to the station. 出租車送他們到了車站
(4) fetch表示的是“去取來、去拿來、去叫來”等意思，包含去和來兩趟。
The waiter fetched them some apples.侍者為他們取來了一些蘋果。
Mother fetched the doctor for her ill son.媽媽為生病的兒子請來了醫(yī)生。
3. whole/ all
(1) whole強調一個完整如一，互不分割的整體。
The whole country is suffering the war. 整個國家正遭遇戰(zhàn)爭。
I just want to know the whole story.我僅僅只想知道完整的故事。
whole在句中的位置是放在所有格，冠詞和指示代詞的之后。
They will spend their whole holiday in Canada.
他們將到加拿大渡過整個假期。（所有格后）
She has finished writing the whole book. 她已經寫完了整本書。（冠詞后
whole用來修飾可數(shù)名詞（名詞用單數(shù)）。
He ate the whole cake. 他把整個蛋糕都吃了。（強調整整一個蛋糕）
(2) all強調由一個個部分組成的“全部”。
Miss Green knew all the students in the class.
格林小姐認識這個班上的所有人。（一個一個全認識）
all在句中的位置是放在所有格，定冠詞和指示代詞的之前。
Jim finished all his homework in twenty minutes.
吉姆在20分鐘之內完成了所有的作業(yè)。（所有格前）
Of all the boys here, he sings best.在這里所有的男孩之中，他唱的最好。（定冠詞前）
The boy can answer all these questions.那個男孩能夠回答所有的這些問題。（指示代詞前）
all既能修飾可數(shù)名詞（名詞須用復數(shù)），又能修飾不可數(shù)名詞。
All these five books are mine.這五本書都是我的。（修飾可數(shù)名詞）
She was worried about her son all the time.她總在為她的兒子擔心。（修飾不可數(shù)名詞）
4. fill/ full
(1) fill常作動詞，與with連用，意思是“注滿、裝滿”，也能表示“填空；補缺”的意思。
He filled the box with chalk.他把粉筆裝滿了盒子。
The bucket is filled with water.水桶里裝滿了水。
(2) full是形容詞，翻譯成“滿的，裝滿的”，常與of連用。此外還能表示“完全的”和“吃飽的，過飽的”。
All the rooms are full of people.所有的房間都滿人了。
The bus was full. He had to wait for the next one.這輛車人滿了，他只有等下一輛。
5. be made of/ be made from/ be made in/ be made into
(1) be made of表示"由…制成", 一般指能夠看出原材料，或發(fā)生的是物理變化。
This table cloth is made of paper.這張桌布是由紙做的。
This salad is made of apples and strawberries.這種沙拉是由蘋果和草莓做的。
(2) be made from也表示"由…制成"，但一般指看不出原材料，或發(fā)生的是化學變化。
Bread is made from corn.面包是小麥做的。
The lifeboat is made from some special material.這個救生艇是由某種特殊材料制成的。
(3) be made in指的是產地，意思為"于…制造"。
The caps are made in Russia.這些帽子產于俄羅斯。
My mother likes to buy things which are made in China.
我媽媽喜歡買中國產的東西。
(4) be made into的意思為"被制成為…"。
This piece of wood will be made into a small bench. 這塊木頭將要被制成一個小凳。
The paper has been made into clothes for the doll. 紙被做成了洋娃娃的衣服。
6. none/ no one/ neither
(1) none既能指人，又能指物，意思是"沒有一個，無一"，常用作代詞，與of連用。
None of us has heard of him before.我們沒有一個人以前聽說過他。
I like none of the coats. 那些外套我一件都不喜歡。
none用作主語時，謂語動詞用單復數(shù)皆可。
None of the answers is true.沒有一個答案是正確的。
None of the rooms are mine.沒有一間房子是我的。
(2) no one只能用來指人，且不能與of連用。
No one is absent.沒有人缺席。
I knew no one there.那里我一個人也不認識。
no one用作主語時，謂語動詞只能用單數(shù)。
No one agrees with you. 沒有人同意你的說法。
(3) neither作代詞是對兩者都進行否定，意思為"兩者都不"，作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
Neither of the boys is from England. 這兩個男孩都不是來自英國。
I know neither of them.他們兩個我都不認識。
7. found/ find
(1) find的意思是"找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)"，其過去式和過去分詞都是found.
I can‘t find my glasses.我找不著我的眼鏡了。
He found it boring to sit here alone.他發(fā)現(xiàn)獨自坐在這里很沒勁。
(2) found是另外一個詞，與find并沒有關系，意思是"成立、建設"，常用作及物動詞。
The People‘s Republic of China was founded in 1949.中華人民共和國成立于1949年。
The school was founded by the local residents.這所學校是由當?shù)鼐用裥藿ǖ摹?p>8. hear / hear of/ hear from
(1)hear的意思是"聽見；聽說，得知"，后面能接名詞、代詞或賓語從句。
We heard the news just a moment ago.我剛聽說這個消息。
Can you hear me? 能聽見我說話嗎？
(2) hear of的意思是"聽說"，一般指非直接的聽見，而是聽別人說的。后不能接賓語從句。
I have never heard of her.我從未聽說過她。
They heard of the film long time ago.他們很久以前就聽說過這部電影。
(3) hear from的意思是"收到來信"，與"聽"無關。
I often hear from him. 我經常收到他的來信。
He hasn‘t heard from his mother for a long time.他很久沒有收到媽媽的信了
9. send/ send for
(1) send意思是"送往，派遣"，還有"發(fā)信，寄信"的意思。
The company sent him to study abroad.公司派他到國外學習去了。
Mr. Brown sent her children away.布郎夫人送走了孩子們。
(2) send for意思是"召喚；派人去��；派人去拿"，而非本人親自去。
They have sent for a repairman.他們已經派人去請了一名修理工。
She sent for some flowers.她派了人去買花。
10. get to/ arrive/ reach
(1) arrive后不能直接接地點，是一個不及物動詞。若表示到達一個相對大的地點，用arrive in ; 若表示相對小的地點，用arrive at .
The delegation will arrive in China at 5:00 p.m.代表團將于下午5:00到達北京。
It was dark when they arrived at the railway station.當他們到達火車站的時候，天已經黑了。
When did she arrive here last time? 她上次是什么時候到這兒的？（副詞前省略介詞）
(2) reach能直接接所到達的地點，是一個及物動詞。
They reached London on Friday.他們星期五到達了倫敦。
The news only reached me yesterday.我于才接到這個消息。
reach還有"伸手去取，伸手觸及，聯(lián)絡"等意思。
Can you reach that apple on the tree? 你能夠到樹上的哪個蘋果嗎？
He can always be reached on the phone.可隨時打電話跟他聯(lián)系。
(3) get在表示"到達"時是不及物動詞，應與to搭配使用。
We often get to school on foot.我們經常步行到學校。
They got to the top of the hill at noon.他們于中午到達了山頂。
【考點掃描】
中考考點在本單元主要集中在：
1. 動詞被動語態(tài)的結構和用法；
2. 動詞不定式的功能和用法；
3. 本單元的詞匯、短語和句型；
4. 本單元學過的交際用語。
考試形式可以是單項填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。
【中考范例】
1. (2004年北京市中考試題)
Aunt Li often asks her son ________ too much meat. It’s bad for his health.
A. don’t eat B. not to eat C. not eat D. to not eat
【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是動詞不定式的構成和用法。這個句子的基本句型是ask sb. not to do sth. 這里，not to eat 是不定式的否定式做賓語補足語。
2. (2004年嘉興市中考試題)
China is becoming stronger and stronger, so Chinese ________ in more American schools now.
A. was taught B. is taught C. teaches D. taught
【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是動詞的語態(tài)和時態(tài)。Chinese 是一種語言，只能被人教，因此要用被動語態(tài)。又因為說的現(xiàn)在的情況，動詞要用一般現(xiàn)在時。所以選B。
3. (2004年河北省中考試題)
This painting ________ to a museum in New York in 1977.
A. sells B. sold C. was sold D. is sold
【解析】答案：C。該題考查的是動詞的語態(tài)和時態(tài)。This painting只能被賣，所以用被動語態(tài)，又因為是1977年賣的，所以用一般過去時。
4. (2004年揚州市中考試題)
-If you ________ a new idea, please call me as soon as possible.
-Sure, I will.
A. keep up with B. catch up with C. feed up with D. come up with
【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是短語動詞用法。本單元學習的短語動詞come up with a new idea意思是想出新主意，正符合題意。
【滿分演練】
一. 選擇填空。
1. The boy is too hungry, he has already eaten an apple, but he asks for_______ one.
A. the other B. other C. another D. others
2. It’s going to rain. You’d better __________ there.
A. don’t go B. to not go C. not to go D. not go
3. He spent much time __________ the work.
A. at B. in C. on D. for
4. Mr Green would like to meet the headmaster _______ 8:00 ______ 9:00 tomorrow
morning.
A. from; to B. at; at C. between; and D. from; and
5. When _______ his uncle _________?
A. did; dead B. has; died C. did; die D. has; been dead
6. They ________ this city last week.
A. reached to B. got C. arrived D arrived in
7. The TV set doesn‘t ______ too much. I can afford it.
A. take B. spend C. cost D. pay
8. His father will be back from Beijing ________a month.
A. between B. after C. in D. for
9. He read nothing, _________he?
A. does B. doesn’t C. did D. didn’t
10. There’s _____ milk in the bottle, is there?
A. little B. few C. a little D. a few
11. Look, there is a map of China ______ the two windows.
A. between B. among C. about D. in
12. Two languages are very _____ used. One is English, Chinese is ______ one.
A. wide, another B. widely, the others C. wide, the other D. widely, the other
13. I was badly ill yesterday. That‘s ______ I didn‘t go to school.
A. why B. because C. as D. since
14. " Have a good time this weekend!" " ________."
A. That‘s OK B. Thanks. The same to you.
C. That‘s all right. D. Have a better time than me.
15. ______ of the money is yours.
A. None B. No one C. Neither D. Nothing
16. ______ of the apples are red.
A. One thirds B. First third C. Two third D. Two thirds
17. It‘s getting dark. You‘d better ______ out alone.
A. don‘t go B. not to go C. not going D. not go
18. His home is ______ the northeast of China.
A. among B. in C. at D. to
19. All the old things were invented ______ ago.
A. hundreds of year B. hundreds of years
C. a hundreds of years D. a hundred of years
20. Jack likes to ______ others, but never writes to them.
A. hear of B. hear about C. hear from D. hear
二. 用括號內所給詞的適當形式填空.
1. This job can _________ quite quickly. (do)
2. ________ you ________ your homework yet? (finish)
3. That pen isn‘t yours. It‘s _________ .(her)
4. Can you help __________ with my English?(I)
5. Lin Lin is the __________ in our class.(young)
6. Who is _____________, Mike or Jack ? (tall)
7. We live on the ___________floor. (twenty)
8. English _________ in many countries today. (speak)
9. I __________ born on July 2nd, 1989. ( be)
10. You’d better __________ here as soon as possible. (leave)
三. 完型填空
One day a poor farmer was taking a bag of wheat to town. Suddenly the bag 1__ from his horse onto the road. He did not know 2_ to do about it because it was 3__ heavy for him to lift by himself. He only hoped that someone would soon pass by and 4__ him a hand.
Just at this moment a man 5__ a horse came up to him. But the farmer’s heart 6__ when he saw who he was. It was the __7___ man living nearby. The farmer had hoped to ask another farmer or a poor man like him to come along and help him. He couldn’t ask such a great man to help him. But to his 8__ , the great man got off his horse as soon as he came nearer. He said to the farmer, “I see you 9_ help, friend. How good it is that I’m here just at the right time.” Then he took one end of the bag, the farmer took the other, they together raised it and put it on the horse.
“Sir,” asked the farmer, “how can I pay you?”
“It’s quite easy.” The great man replied with 10_ .
“Wherever you see anyone else in trouble, do the same for him.”
1. A. fall B. fell C. falling D. fallen
2. A. what B. how C. that D. it
3. A. very B. so C. quite D. too
4. A. lend B. ask C. borrow D. gave
5. A. riding B. ride C. rode D. rides
6. A. falls B. sinks C. sank D. rose
7. A. poor B. great C. good D. bad
8. A. surprised B. surprising
C. surprise D. surprises
9. A. needs B. need C. to need D. needed
10. A. smiles B. smile C. a smile D. an smile
四. 閱讀理解
(A)
The war finally ended in 1945. During the next years, two great things
happened-my dad came home from the army, and I was born! I was the first child, but I wasn‘t alone for long. In the next four years, my mother had three more boys.
It was great having a big family! The four of us were very close in age, so we played
together all the time. We liked the game “policemen and thieves” best. It was exciting.
Everybody always wanted to be a thief. Of course, someone had to be the policeman,
and it was usually me.
Well, I have grown up now, but I still love the game. There is only one thing
different. I‘m a real policeman, Policeman Joe, so it‘s not a game any more.
判斷下列句子是否符合短文內容。符合的用“A”表示；不符合的用“B”表示.
1. Joe‘s father was once a soldier.
2. During the war his father came back home.
3. Joe was the youngest child in the family.
4. He got on well with his brothers.
5. He always had to be the thief in the game.
(B)
Michael Jordan is the most famous basketball player in the world. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He didn’t like to talk to other people about himself. He was very short. He didn’t play very well when he joined the basketball team in his high school at first. But the next year things changed greatly for him as he grew much taller.
Michael Jordan became famous when he joined the university basketball team in North Carolina. Michael used his speed and strength(力量) to reach the basket again. He played so well that people called him “Air Jordan”.
After college, Michael became a basketball team member in the Chicago Bulls. The NBA was very surprised at this high-flying player. He was named “Rookie”(新秀) of the year in 1985 and “Most Valuable(價值的) Player” in 1987. He once set
a record(創(chuàng)紀錄) by getting 63 points in one game.
1. Jordan is a basketball superstar in ____________________.
A. England
B. America
C. Canada
D. Japan
2. When he joined the basketball team in his high school, he ___________ at first.
A. didn’t play very well
B. played very well
C. grew much taller
D. set a record
3. He began to become famous in __________________________.
A. the university basketball team
B. the NBA
C. his high school at first
D. the Chicago Bulls
4. He is often called “_________________”.
A. Rookie
B. the NBA
C. Air Jordan
D. Most Valuable Player
5. The NBA was very surprised at the superstar when __________________.
A. he was young
B. he joined the basketball in his high school
C. he joined the university basketball team
D. he joined the Chicago Bulls
(C)
The 29th Olympic Games will be held in our country in 2008. As a great many people will visit our country, the government(政府) will build new hotels, a large stadium(體育館), and a fine new swimming pool. They will also build new roads. The games will be held just outside the capital and the whole area(地區(qū)) will be called “Olympic City”. Workers will build a railway and some new roads by the end of 2005. The fine modern buildings have been designed(設計) by the best designers.
The people, old and young, in the capital are getting ready for the Olympic Games by learning English. We will be very glad to see the new buildings go up. We are very excited and looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never
been held in our country before.
1. Because of the 29th Olympic Games, _________________________.
A. a lot of new buildings have been finished
B. a large number of people visited our country
C. many new roads and a railway line have been built
D. a lot of new buildings have been planned
2. From the passage we know that the Olympic Games _______________.
A. have just been held in our country
B. will be held in our country for the first time
C. are held in our country every four years
D. were held in our country four years ago
3. The passage tells us that everyone in the capital ____________ for the Olympic Games.
A. is busy building roads
B. is studying English
C. is designing buildings
D. is having sports and games
4. The whole area with hotels, stadiums, swimming pools is called ___________.
A. buildings
B. stadium
C. Olympic City
D. Olympic Games
5. “Go up” in the last passage means ______________.
A. 建起 B.上漲 C.增長 D.上升
五. 補全對話。
1.-How are you? -I’m _______________.
2 .-Shall I call you Jim or James ? -It doesn’t ___________.
3.-I didn’t win in the sports meeting. -Bad __________.
4.-What does that word mean? -______________ one?
5. -I think foreign languages are more important than science.
-I really can’t _________ with you.
6. -What were you doing at that time when your father came back yesterday?
-I was ___________ the floor.
7. -Thank you for your help. -That’s all ____________.
8. -Have you found my ruler yet? -I’m __________ I haven’t.
9. -Is Bill as tall as Li Lei? -No, he isn’t _________ tall as Li Lei.
10. -Well _________. Congratulations. -Thank you.
六. 句型轉換。按要求填詞完成句型轉換。
(A）在下面各題B句的每個空格里寫上一個單詞，使B句的意思與A句的相近。
1. A: My eyes started to fail at the age of seven.
B: My eyes started to fail when _________ _________ ________ _______ old.
2. A: He is so tired that he can’t do anything else.
B: He is _____________ tired ___________ do anything else.
3. A: We’ll remember Comrade Lei Feng for ever.
B: Comrade Lei Feng ________ _______ ______ by us for ever.
4. A: How expensive the car is!
B: ____________ ____________ expensive car it is!
5: A: We use computers in many ways.
B: Computers ____________ __________ in many ways.
(B)按照下面各題的漢語意思用英語完成句子，把答案寫在橫線上，詞數(shù)不限。
1．明天我們要盡力打贏這場足球賽�！�
Tomorrow we will __________________________ to win the football game.
2．教師走進來時，學生們停止了談話。
When the teacher came in, the students ______________________________.
3．我們的國家變得越來越強大了。
Our country has become __________________________________________.
4．他的畫將于明天在我們學校展出。
His picture __________________________________ at our school tomorrow.
5. 我花費了兩個小時看完這本書。
It ________ me two hours _______ _______ reading the novels.
初三年級（下）
【知識梳理】
I. 重點短語
1. beg one‘s pardon
2. multiply …by…
3. slow down
4. wear out
5. try on
6. make a decision,
7. a place of interest
8. make a mistake
9. drop off
10. think about
11. make up one‘s mind,
12. at all,
13. at least
14. by the time
15. carry on
16. never mind
17. from now on
18. come down
19. hands up
20. before long，
21. no one，
22. not…any longer
II. 重要句型
1. be busy doing sth.
2. prefer to do sth.
3. regard... as...
4. be pleased with sth./sb.
5. be angry with sb.
III. 交際用語
1. -How much does… cost …?
2. -It can cost as little as … yuan and as much as … yuan.
3. -It costs ….
4. -It‘s worth ….
5. -I don‘t agree with ….
6. -I wasn‘t sure whether….
7. -I wonder if ….
8. -What size …?
9. -Have you got any other colour / size / kind?
10. -Have you got anything cheaper?
11. -How much are they?
12. -How much does it cost?
13. -How much is it?
14. -That‘s a bit expensive.
15. -Even though they‘re a little expensive, I‘ll take them.
16. -I‘ll think about ….
17. -I don‘t think I‘ll take ….
18. -I like ….
19. -I don‘t really like ….
20. -Can I help you, girl?
21. -Would you like me to look in the back?
22. -We can find ….
23. -Do you like being …?
24. -Can I ask you some questions?
25. -Sure.
26. -It was great.
27. -Wow!
28. -Yeah!
29. -Oh dear!
30. -Hands up!
31. -I’ll shoot anyone who moves.
32. -There’s no need to thank me.
33. -Can you remember anything else about him?
34. -Come down, Polly!
35. -There is a little traffic accident．
36. -There‘s a big traffic jam.
37. -Well, I‘m sure he‘ll be here before long.
38. -I‘m beginning to get angry with him!
39.-Yes, we can‘t wait any longer. Let‘s go without him.
40. -That‘s terrible!
41. -That‘s a really bad excuse!
IV. 重要語法
1. 過去將來時
2. 過去完成時
3. 動詞不定式
4. 定語從句
【名師講解】
1. think/ think/about/ think of
(1) think 單獨使用時表示"思考"， 接that 賓語從句時意為"認為"，"覺得"。
I am thinking how to work out the problem.
I think she is a good student.
當賓語從句含有否定概念時，通常形式上否定think ，但意義上卻是否定賓語從句。
I don‘t think he can come.
I don‘t think it will be windy.
(2)think about 可接一個名詞，動詞-ing 形式或由疑問詞引導的不定式或賓語從句，意思是"考慮……"。
I have thought about it for a long time.
Please think about how to tell her the bad news.
(3)think of 表示"認為"， 一般用于疑問句中，與what 連用。
What do you think of the TV play? = How do you like the TV play?
2. big/ large/ great
上述形容詞都表示"大"，但側重點及程度不同。
(1) big指具體事物的大小，強調比正常形體的標準大，既可用在普通場合， 也可用在正式場合。它可用來指人的身材高大或"長大了"，還可表示"偉大"，"重要"之意。如：
Can you lift up this big stone?
On the last day I made a big decision.
(2) large特別強調遠遠超過標準的大，指體積、面積、容積、數(shù)量之大。如：
A whale is a large animal.
A large crowd collected at the gate of the theatre.
(3) great除了表示數(shù)量體積之大外，又指抽象的程度，意味著偉大性，重要性， 優(yōu)越性；常用于抽象
或無形的東西；用于有形的東西時，常帶有"偉大"，"大得令人吃驚"等意思，含有一定的感情色彩。如：
China is a great country with a long history.
He was one of the greatest scientists.
3. cost/ take/ spend/ pay
(1) cost表示"花錢"，花費，付出（只能用于錢、精力、生命等；主語必須是物。）
The book cost me five yuan.
(2) take的主語是動詞不定式, 通常用it做形式主語。
It took me five yuan to buy the book..
(3) spend，在主動語句中主語是人
I spent five yuan on (for) the book.或I spent five yuan (in) buying the book.
(4) pay的主語是人。
I paid five yuan for the book.
4. expensive/ high/ cheap/ low
這四個詞在談論到價格的高低時，要注意使用。expensive與high涉及到價格"高"，而cheap 與low涉及到價格"低"。
(1) expensive昂貴的，花錢多的。這個單詞若談到"價格高，貨貴"時，其主語不能是價格，必須是貨物、物品本身。如：
This watch is expensive. 這只表很貴。
These glass-products are not expensive. 這些玻璃制品不是很值錢。
注意：cheap表示"價廉"，"便宜的"，其主語也不能是價格，必須是物品本身。如：
The cheap table was bought from him. 這張便宜的桌子是他賣給我們的。
This cloth doll is very cheap. 這只布娃娃很便宜。
(2)high在表示價格時，含義是"高"，low在表示價格時，含義是"低"，這兩個詞不能用于物品本身，只
能用在價格上。如：
The price of this watch is very high. 這只表的價格太高了。
The price of this book is not low for me. 這本書的價格對我來說是不低。
下面我們試看幾個句子的正誤對照：
The price of this computer is expensive.
(宜改為：This computer is expensive. 或The price of this computer is high. )
The price of this pen is not cheap for him to buy.
(宜改為：This pen is not cheap for him to buy. 或 The price of this pen is not low for him. )
5. alone/ lonely
lonely 與alone的意思比較接近，但在使用時有所區(qū)別：
(1)lonely用作形容詞，意思是"孤單的；寂寞的"�？芍感撵`上的寂寞，也可指偏僻的地點。在句中既可作表語，也可作定語。
(2)alone 可作形容詞和副詞，意思是"單獨；獨自"，不指心理上寂寞的感覺。
She was taken to a lonely island, lived alone, but she never felt lonely.
她被帶到一個荒島上，自己居住，但她從不感到寂寞。
6. before long/ long before
(1)before long 作“不久以后”講，切不要按字面譯為“長時間以前”或“好久以前”。如：
We hope to finish our experiment before long. 我們希望不久（以后）就把實驗做完。
(2)long before 作"很久以前"講。原意為"……以前很久"，故也可譯為"老早"。long before 跟before long
不同，前者在其后面可以接名詞或一個從句；當上下文明確時，名詞或從句還可以省略。Before long 則沒有上述搭配用法。
They began the test yesterday, but we had made experiment long before.
我們開始做實驗，但我們在那以前很久就已經做準備了。
7. as/ when/ while
(1)as 是連詞，意思是"當……的時候，一面……一面"，（強調同時，一般連續(xù)時間不長），如：
As we were talking about Titanic, our teacher came in.
正當我們談論"泰坦尼克號"這部電影時，教師進來了。
The students sing as they go along. 學生們邊走邊唱。
(2)When和as一樣都是連詞，注意它們的不同。如when"當……的時候"（一般表示動作緊接著發(fā)生）；
"那時"（等立連詞，前有逗號分開）
I stayed till sunset, when it began to rain. 我一直呆到太陽下山，那時天開始下雨了。
(3)while是"當……時候；和……同時"（強調同時發(fā)生，一般連續(xù)時間較長）
While I was watching TV, he was reading. 當我在看電視的時候，他正在看書。
While there is life, there is hope. 有生命就有希望。
8. beat/win/ hit
(1)beat 是動詞，意思是"連續(xù)地打; 打敗; 敲打"。beat后可接人或隊名。意思是"擊敗對手。"如：
I can beat you at swimming.
(2)win意思是"贏得某個項目"，后面常接"match, game"。如：
He won a game. 他勝一局。
We won a match. 我們比賽得勝。
(3)hit意思是"擊中"（有時可表示"打一下"）。如：
The mother hit her child out of anger. 媽媽生氣，打了她孩子一下。
9. keep doing/keep on doing
(1)keep doing側重表示"持續(xù)不停地做某事"或"持續(xù)某種狀態(tài)"。如：
The girl kept crying all the time. 那個女孩一直在哭。
The baby kept sleeping about four hours. 這個嬰兒連續(xù)睡了大約四個小時。
(2)keep on doing 表示"總不斷做某事"，不表示靜止狀態(tài)。不能與sitting, sleeping, lying, standing這類
詞連用。如：
It kept on raining for seven days.
Don‘t keep on asking such silly questions.
10. get/ turn/ become
這三個詞都可作系動詞用，表示狀態(tài)的變化，后跟表語，但三個詞的用法稍有不同。get強調情感、氣候和環(huán)境的變化；turn強調色彩的變化；而become則強調職務、職稱等的變化。如：
The days are getting shorter and shorter in winter．冬天的白天越來越短。
She couldn‘t answer the question and her face turned red．她回答不出問題，臉紅了。
When did you become a teacher? - Ten years ago.你什么時候當?shù)睦蠋煟渴昵啊?p>11. steal / rob
從意思上講steal表示偷竊的意思。而rob表示搶劫的意思；從搭配上來講，steal sth from sb/sth ;而rob則用rob sb/sth of sth; 例如：
He stole money from the rich to give it to the poor.
They robbed the bank of one million dollars.
12. see/look/watch/notice
在英語中，see，look，watch，notice都有“看”的意思，要注意他們的區(qū)別。
see意為“看到”，表示視覺器官有意識或無意識地看到物體，強調“看到”的結果。
look意為“看”，表示有意識地觀看，強調“看”的動作。
watch意為“觀看，注視”，指以較大的注意力觀看。
notice意為“看到，注意到”，指有意識的注意，含有從不注意到注意的變化的意義。例如：
What can you see in the picture？在圖畫中你能看到什么？
Look! How happily they are playing！看！他們玩得多高興啊！
He’s watched TV for over two hours．他看了兩個多小時的電視。
He noticed a purse lying on the road．他注意到地上有個錢包。
13. Shoot/ shoot at
shoot是及物動詞，意思是“射中，射死”，賓語多為人或動物等。而shoot at是一個動詞詞組，意為“向……射擊”，至于射中或射死與否不得而知。如：
The man shot five birds in the forest．那個人在森林里射死（中）了五只鳥。
The hunter shot at the bear．獵人朝熊射擊了。
They shot at the she－wolf， but didn‘t shoot her．他們向那只母狼射擊，但是沒有射中／死。
14. escape/ run away
(1)escape作“逃跑”、“逃脫”或“逃避”講時，往往會有成功之意。如：
The old man escaped death．那個老人死里逃生。
The thief escaped from prison．那個小偷越獄了。
(2)run away作“逃跑”、“跑走”講時，往往強調動作。如：
Don‘t let him run away． 別讓他跑了。
口語中escape和run away可以互用。
15. so that..../ so... that....
(1) so that....為了，以便 。引導一個目的狀語從句，從句中往往有情態(tài)動詞。也可引導一個結果狀語從句。如：
I left at 5:00 so that I could catch the early bus.
Speak loudly, so that they can hear what you say.
He didn‘t study English so that he lost a chance to work in a foreign company.
(2) so... that....既可引導一個結果狀語從句，也可引導一個目的狀語從句。
如：The classroom was so noisy that I could hardly study.
I got up so early in the morning that I could catch the train.
【考點掃描】
中考考點在本單元主要集中在：
1. 過去將來時；
2. 過去完成時；
3. 動詞不定式；
4. 定語從句；
5. 本單元學過的詞匯、短語和句型；
6. 本單元學過的交際用語。
考試形式可以是單項填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。
【中考范例】
1. (2004年濟寧市中考試題)
He wanted to know ______________.
A. whether he speaks at the meeting B. when the meeting would start
B. what he’s going to do at the meeting D. where would the meeting be held
【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是賓語從句的語序和時態(tài)。因為主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，所以從句應用過去將來時，這就排除了A和B。賓語從句的時態(tài)應該是陳述句的語序，所以只有B是對的。
2. (2004年煙臺市中考試題)
-Why didn’t you go to the movie yesterday?
-Because I ___________ it before.
A. had watched B. have seen C. have watched D. had seen
【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是動詞的搭配以及現(xiàn)在完成時和過去完成時的用法區(qū)別�？措娪傲晳T商用see a movie, 又因為說的以前發(fā)生的事情，應該用過去完成時。只有D正確。
3. (2004年重慶市中考試題)
-Did you win the football game?
-Bad luck. Our team __________ in the final one.
A. won B. beat C. was won D. was beaten
【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是動詞搭配和動詞的語態(tài)。動詞win通常和比賽一類的詞連用，不與人或隊連用，因此可以排除A和C。beat是個及物動詞，既然我們的運氣不好，就是輸了，應該用被動語態(tài)。
4. (2004年廣州市中考試題)
-Who is the man ________ was talking to our English teacher?
-Oh! It’s Mr Baker, our maths teacher.
A. he B. that C. whom D. which
【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是引導定語從句關系代詞的選擇。由于先行詞是人，可以排除A和D。而該詞在定語從句中作主語，只有B合適。
【滿分演練】
一. 單項選擇
1. Though he is ____________ seventy years old, he takes exercise every day.
A.past B.above C.on D.over
2. The sun rises ___________ and goes down ____________.
A.in the east, in the west B.in the west, in the east
C.to the east, to the west D.from the east, from the west
3. Which would you like, Madam, tea or coffee?
____________, thanks. I’d like a glass of water, please.
A.Either B.Both C.Neither D.OK
4. One of the boys is ________, all the other boys are _________.
A.English , China B.an English, Chinese
C.England , China D.English, Chinese
5. -How soon will you finish the building?
- __________________________.
A.In two months B.Two months
C.About two months D.After two months
6. They did ______________ their father told them.
A.like B.as C.about D.with
7. The fish smells ______________. You mustn’t eat it.
A.nicely B.heavily C.terrible D.terribly
8. Either you or he _______________ the team.
A.is in B.are on C.is on D.are in
9. He was made _____________ thirteen hours a day by his boss.
A.to work B.work C.is on D.are in
10. ___________ you work, ___________ you will do.
A.Harder, better B.The harder, the worse
C.Hardest, best D.The harder, the better
11. Mrs Hu asked Liu Fang and __________ to take part in the English meeting.
A.I B.my C.me D.mine
12. Tell the students _____________ their English books.
A.to take B.to carry C.to bring D.bring
13. It _____________ us two hours’ walk to get to our school.
A.take B.takes C.spend D.paid
14. My little sister is so tired, she can hardly walk, ____________?
A.does she B.can she C.doesn’t she D.can’t she
15. __________ Yellow River is the second longest river is our country.
A./ B.The C.An D.A
16. -Do you want to _____ at the meeting.
-No, I have nothing to ______________.
A.say, speak B.tell, talk C.say, say D.speak, say
17.-You need something to drink, don’t you?
- ________________________________.
A.Not at all B.I needn’t C.No, please D.Yes, please
18. She asked me _____ he could dance or sing.
A.if B.what C.whether D.that
19. -Aren’t you Mary’s sister?
-_____________________ I’m her aunt.
A.Yes, I am B.No, I’m not C.Yes, I’m not D.No, I am
20. _____________, no man has travelled farther than the moon.
A.To now B.To far C.So far D.Till now
二. 用所給動詞的適當形式填空
1. Class 3 won the football match and our class _____ by them. (beat)
2. By last Friday the students _____ (learn)all their new lessons.
3. He will be a worker after he _____ (finish) middle school.
4. I felt like ______ (have) a rest after lunch.
5. Is there another way of ______ (answer) the question?
6. I’ll tell him the news that our class ______ (win).
7. Jim made us ______ (agree) with him.
8. The teacher _____ (give) us a lesson when Tom walked into the room.
9. Someone saw him ______ (fall) off the horse just now.
10. Look! A group of policemen ______ (run) into that room.
三. 改寫句子
1. None of the doctors knows about the matter.
_____ _____ know about the matter.
2. Tom is taller than John.
Jonh is not _____ _______ _____ Tom.
3. The jacket cost so little that he bought it.
The jacket _____ ______ _____ for him to buy.
4. Jim had a good journey home.
Jim ______ _____ very much ____ ____ _______ home.
5. I didn’t finish my work in time because my pen was broken.
The ____ pen stopped ______ _____ finishing my work in time.
四. 完形填空
Hundreds of years ago, life was 1 than 2 today. People didn’t have modern machines. There 3 modern medicine, 4 .
Life today 5 new problems. One of the biggest is pollution (污染). Water pollution has 6 our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and affects (影響) our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us 7 louder and 8 . Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. It affects 9 living thing in the world.
Cars, planes and factories all pollute (污染) our air every day. Sometimes the pollution is so 10 that it is like a quilt (被狀物)over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog. (煙霧)
1. A.more hard B.more harder C.much harder D.much more harder
2. A.they are B.they were C.it was D.it is
3. A.were not B.was no C.were D.was
4. A.either B.too C.also D.neither
5. A.bring B.have C.have got D.has brought
6. A.made B.let C.taken D.changed
7. A.say B.talk C.tell D.spoke
8. A.feel happy more happily B.get angry much more easier
C.get angry much easier D.feel and more slowly
9. A.most B.all C.one D.every
10. A.thin B.thick C.hard D.light
五. 閱讀理解
（A）
Since the beginning of time, man has invented many interesting things. Some of these inventions, like numbers and the radio have certainly changed history.
Since 1946, one of the most important inventions has been the computer. It will change all our lives.
The first computer was built at Harvard University（哈佛大學） in 1944. it was as large as a room and quite difficult and slow to operate（運行）. But since the invention of the silicon chip（硅片）, computer have become smaller, easier to use, and faster to operate. Some computers are as small as television sets. Some computers can be made smaller than a book. And computers are getting smaller all the time.
There are several reasons（原因） why computer is useful to us. First it can store（儲藏） very, very large amount（數(shù)量） of information（信息）. Second, the computer can operate very quickly. Third, modern computer can be built into other kinds of machines, like radios, cars, and planes. They can do a lot of work for us.
Soon, almost everyone, either at home or at work, will use some kind of computer. The lives of all of us will be changed by this invention.
判斷下列句子是否符合短文內容。符合的用“A”表示；不符合的用“B”表示.
1. According to（根據(jù)）this passage, many inventions have changed history and
people’s life.
2. The first computer was built in the middle of the 19th century（世紀）.
3. A modern computer can be made smaller than silicon chip.
4. The computer has been made much better since the invention of the silicon chip.
5. The computer is useful because it can store lots of information, it can operate very
quickly and can be built into other machines.
(B)
Joe Biggs was a butcher (屠夫). His shop was in a village in one of the most beautiful parts of southern England . He worked in it for many years while his father was there. Then, when his father reached the age of 65, he stopped working in the shop. Joe was alone in it, so he had to work harder.
Joe worked five and a half day a week. His shop shut at one o’clock on Thursday, and it was shut the whole of Sunday. Saturdays were the busiest days.
Joe had a big refrigerator (冰箱)in his shop, but he tried not to buy too much meat at a time.
One Thursday a woman came into the shop at five minutes to one. “I’m sorry I’m very late,” she said, “but some people have just telephoned to say that they are going to come to dinner tonight, and I need some more meat.”
Joe only had one piece of good meat in the shop. He had sold all the rest earlier in the day. He took the piece out and said to the woman. “This is ￡7.15.”
“That piece is too small,” the woman answered. “Haven’t you got anything bigger?”
Joe went into the room behind his shop, opened the refrigerator, put the piece of meat into it, took it out again and shut the door of the refrigerator with a lot of noise. Then he brought the piece of meat back to the woman and said, “This piece is bigger and more expensive. It’s ￡9.30.”
“Good,” the woman answered with a smile. “give me both of them, please.”
6. Joe worked alone in the shop ________.
A.on Saturdays B.on Thursdays
C.afer his father died D.after his father stopped working
7. Joe sold meat in his shop _______.
A.on Thursday afternoons B.on Sundays
C.on Fridays D.every day
8. One day a woman came to his shop ________.
A.at 1:55, Tuesday
B.at 1:05
C.to say sorry to him
D.because someone had suddenly telephoned her
9. Which of the following is true?
A.People bought all the meat from him.
B.The woman didn’t want the expensive piece of meat.
C.Joe brought the woman a different piece.
D.The woman wanted to buy the two pieces of meat together.
10.Joe only had one piece of good meat because ______.
A.Joe’s refrigerator had broken.
B.he tried not to buy too much meat at a time.
C.he knew that the meat would go bad (變質).
D.he had no money to buy more.
(C)
If you go into the forest with friends, stay with them always. If you don’t, you may get lost. If you really get lost, this is what you should do. Sit down and stay where you are. Don’t try to find your friends.Let them find you by staying in one place.
There is another way to help your friends or other nearby people to find you. Give them a signal by shouting or whistling (打口哨) three times. Stop. Then shout or whistle three times. Any signal given three times is a call for help.
Keep up the shouting or whistling always three times together. When people hear you, they will know that you are not just making noise for fun. They will let you know that they have heard your signal. They will give two shouts, two whistles or two gun shots (槍聲). When someone gives a signal, it is an answer to a call for help.
If you don’t think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a little house — cover up the holes with branches(樹枝) with lots of leaves. Make yourself a soft bed with leaves and grass.
What should you do if you get hungry or need drinking water? You would have to leave your little branch house to look for a river. Don’t just walk away. Pick off small branches and drop them as you walk so that you can find your way back.
The most important thing to do when you are lost is — stay in one place.
11. If you got lost in the forest,you should _______.
A.stay where you are and give a signal three times
B.walk around the forest and shouted so that your friends might hear you
C.try to find your friends as soon as possible
D.try to get out of the forest and shouted for help
12. If you want to let people believe that you are not just making noise for fun you should ________.
A.shout that you are lost
B.keep up the shouting or whistling
C.shout at the top of your voice
D.shout or whistle once in a while
13. When you hear _______ shouts or whistles or gun shots,you know that _______.
A.two; people will soon come to help you
B.three; some one is asking for help
C.three; people will soon come to help you
D.two; someone is asking for help
14. When you are lost in the forest, but you want to leave your place to get water, you should ________.
A.just go to the river
B.find a bowl or a glass, and then go
C.make a fire so that you might make yourself some hot tea
D.leave marks (標志)as you go to the river so that you can find your way back
15. This story mainly (主要地)tells you _______.
A.that when someone gives a signal always three times, it is a call for help
B.What you should do if you get lost in the forest
C.that when any signal given twice means an answer to a call for help
D. What you should do if you get lost in the street
六. 書面表達
根據(jù)提示寫一篇有關你今天活動的日記
要求：1、字數(shù)在60—80個單詞左右。
2、日期、天氣狀況等放在日記行文格式上。
3、今天是2005年3月3日，星期六早晨6點45分起床，匆忙去上學，
學校停課。然后和幾個同學去公園野餐，乘車回家。9點睡覺。
初一年級（上）
【練習答案】
一. 1.C 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.B 11.B 12.B 13.A 14.D 15.C 16.C 17.D 18.A 19.B 20.B
二. 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.A
三. 1.B 2.C 3.J 4.A 5.D 6.E 7.F 8.G 9.H 10.I
四. 1.C 2.E 3.A 4.B 5.D
五. 1.His; my 2.Your; are 3.Whose 4.yours; ours 5.to go 6.me 7.babies 8.Chinese 9.my teacher’s 10.parents
六. (A)1.B 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.A
(B)1. A 2 B 3 A 4 C 5 B
(C)1.D 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.D
初一年級（下）
【練習答案】
一. 1. B.2. D.3. A.4. D.5.B.6. D. 7. A.8. B.9.C.10.A. 11. C.12.C. 13. A. 14. C. 15. D.16. B 17. A.18. B.19. B.20. C.
二. A.1. full 2. mend 3. Long 4. window 5. wrong
B. 1. women 2. mine 3. friendly 4. him 5. driver
C. 1. teacher‘s 2. pens 3. looks 4. play 5. climbing 6. closed 7. has 8. China 9. eat 10. working
三. 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.E 5.A
四. 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.D
五. 1.D 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.D. 8 B.9.A 10.D
六. This old man comes from Sydney. He likes China very much. Now, he is teaching in Beijing. He says Beijing is big and beautiful, he likes working here.
初二年級（上）
【練習答案】
一. 1.B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. C
二. I. 1. D 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. D 9. D 10. C
三. 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. C
四. (A) 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B
(B) 1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A
(C) 1.D 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.A
五. 1. will stop later on 2. because, too cold 3. in, northwest 4.What delicious
5.stay above zero
六. 1. How hot 2. It, in 3. at times 4. will snow heavily 5.How about
初二年級（上）
【練習答案】
一. 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.B 11.B 12.B 13.A 14.D 15.C 16.A 17.D 18.A 19.B 20.B
二. 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. D 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. B
三. (A) 1. B 2.A 3.A 4. A 5. B
(B) 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A
(C) 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.D
四. 1.to say sorry to you 2.he asked me to do 3.walking in the garden 4.a good memory 5.invented the robot 6.it difficult to remember these words 7.eating meat 8.all the time 9.was born in 10. Good luck
初二英語（下）
【練習答案】
一. 1. C 2 B 3 B 4 D 5 B 6.B 7 A 8.C 9.B 10.D 11.C 12 B 13.C 14.C 15.A 16. C 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. A
二. 1.B 2.B3.A 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.D
三. (A) 1. B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B
(B) . 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C
(C) 1. D 2.D 3.D 4.A 5.D
四. 1.H 2.F 3.B 4.G 5.C 6.D 7.I 8.E 9.A 10.J
五. 1. one of the most popular subjects
2. take the box
3. learn from
4. is planning to
5. was born in Shanghai, on June 29, 1987.
6. am happy/pleased
7. not to be
8. play jokes on
9. work out
10. Are you sure
初三年級（上）
【練習答案】
一. 1.B 2.B 3D 4.D 5. B 6.D 7.B 8. A 9. C 10. A 11. D 12.D 13. C 14. D 15. B
二. 1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.D 6.C 7.A 8.A 9.B 10.D
三. (A) 1. C 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. A
(B) 1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B
(C) 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. B
四. 1. not 2. about 3. with 4. How 5. by
五. 1. What, for 2. last for 3. playing with 4. take, with 5. is like 6. for telling 7. didn‘t, until 8. from, to
初三年級（中）
【練習答案】
一. 1.C 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.C 9.C 10.A 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. B 15. A 16. D 17. D 18. B 19. B 20.C
二. 1.be done 2.Have, finished 3.hers 4.me 5.youngest 6.taller 7.twentieth 8.is spoken
9.was 10.leave
三. 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C
四. (A) 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B
(B) 1.B 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.D
(C) 1.D 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A
五. 1.fine 2.matter 3.luck 4.Which 5.agree 6.sweeping 7.all right 8.sorry 9.so 10.done
六. (A) 1.I was seven years 2.too, to 3.will be remembered 4.What a 5. are used
(B) 1.do our best 2.stopped talking 3.stronger and stronger 4.will be on display
5.took, to finish
初三年級（下）
【練習答案】
一. 1.D 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.D 11.C 12.C 13.B 14.B 15.B 16.D 17.D 18.C 19.B 20.C
二.1. was beaten 2. had learnt/learned 3. finishes 4. having 5. answering 6. has/have won 7. agree 8. was giving 9. fall 10. are running
三. 1.No doctors 2. so/as tall as 3. was cheap enough 4. enjoyed himself; when he travelled 5.broken; me from
四. 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.B
五. 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.A 6.D 7.C 8.D 9.D 10.B 11.A 12.B 13.A 14.D 15.B
六. Saturday Mar3,2005 Sunny
Today is Saturday. I got up at 6:45 this morning. I had a quick breakfast and then went to school in a hurry, but we don’t have classes on Saturday. Then I telephoned some classmates and asked them to have a picnic. They were very pleased. We got to the park and enjoyed ourselves. At about 5:00 in the afternoon, we went home by bus. I was too tired, so I’ll go to bed at 9:00.
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