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重要句型
1.There be 結(jié)構(gòu)
a.這是英語中常見的一種結(jié)構(gòu),表示"某地有某物"其含義為"存在有"。
eg.There are twenty girls in our class.have也解釋為"有"但是與there be有區(qū)別,它的含義是"所有,屬有",其主語為某人。eg.I have a nice watch.
b.There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的be動詞要和后面所跟名詞保持一致。
c.There is a river near our school.否:There is not a river near our school.
問:Is there a river near our school.回答:Yes, there is. No, there isn‘t.
劃⑴How many rivers are there near our school? ⑵What‘s near our school?
d.there be 結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來時,同學(xué)們較難掌握,其正確形式為:there is going to be
e.反意疑問句的構(gòu)成:There is no water in the glass, is there?
�、賂here is going to _____ a football match this afternoon. A.have B.watch C.be D.play
②They were sure that they were going to ____ a rest. A.be B.have C.be on D.on
2.so,neither引導(dǎo)的倒裝句,為了避免和前一句話的內(nèi)容重復(fù),英語中習慣用so,neither引導(dǎo)的倒裝句。
a.So+be(助動詞,情態(tài)動詞)+主語。表示某人也是如此。
eg.Mike has bought some foreign stamps. So has Bob.=Bob has bought some,too.
b.Neither+be(助動詞,情態(tài)動詞)+主語,表示某人也不。
eg.Mother has never been to Japan. Neither has Father.=Father has never been to Japan, either.
c.So+主語+be(助動詞,情態(tài)動詞)。表示果真如此(贊同), 請同學(xué)們與a.區(qū)別。
eg.A:Mike is right in the classroom. B:So he is.=He is really in the class room.
3.It‘s+時間+since動詞過去式。自從...起已有...時間了。
�、臝t‘s two weeks since we met last.(自從我們上次見面已有兩個星期了)
�、艸ow long is it since we left Beijing?(自從我們離開北京已有多久了
4.祈使句+and (那么)...eg.Go straight on and you‘ll see a school.=If you go straight on, you‘ll see a school. 5.祈使句+or...否則...eg.Work hard, or you will fall behind the other students. =If you don‘t work hard, you‘ll fall behind the other
6. The+比較級...,the+比較級... 越...越...
eg.⑴The more, the better. 越多越好。
�、芓he harder you work on it, the better you‘ll be at it.(你越用功,你就越好。)
7.How do you like the film? =What do you think of the film? (你認為這部電影怎樣?)
8.What...do with...?怎樣對付...?怎樣處理...?
雖然中文為怎樣,我們絕不可照字面翻譯為how.
eg.A:What have you done with the library book? B:I‘ve just returned it to the library.
9.I don‘t know what to do.我不知道該怎么辦? I don‘t know how to do. ×
10.What...be like?...是什么樣的?
eg.⑴What‘s the weather like? 天氣如何?⑵What‘s your school like? 你們學(xué)校是什么樣的?
11.What...for?為何目的?為什么?eg.What do you want a science lab for?=Why do you want a science lab?
12.one of +最高級+復(fù)數(shù) 最...之一eg.Miss Zhao is one of the most popular teachers.
13.find it +形容詞+to do eg.I find it useful to learn English well. (我發(fā)覺學(xué)好英語是很有用的)
find +賓語 +名詞eg.I find him a good boy. (我發(fā)現(xiàn)他是個好男孩.)
find +賓語 +形容詞
eg.I find the door open/closed. (我發(fā)現(xiàn)門開/關(guān)著) I find our bags filled with/full of presents. (我發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的包裝滿了禮物)
14.I don‘t think+肯定句 我想...不 eg.I don‘t think I‘ll take it. (我想我不買它了)
請注意:中文意思否定在從句中,但是英語的表達否定在主句中。
15.prefer A to B=like A better than B 更喜歡A不怎么喜歡B.
eg. I prefer fish to chicken.= I like fish better than chicken
16.had better do sth.最好干某事.否定:had better not do sth.
特別注意:had better后面跟be動詞詞組,不可漏掉be.eg.You‘d better catch a train.
You‘d better not talk in class.You‘d better not be late for the class.
17.It is good (nice)of+賓格+to do sth.
eg.It is very good of you to teach me English. (你教我英語真是太好了)
18.It takes sb. some time to do sth.(干某事化費某人多少時間)
=sb.spend some time on sth. (in) doing sth.eg.It took me half an hour to do the work.
=I spent half anhourin doing the work.
19.sb.pay 錢 for 物 某物化費了某人多少錢=sb.spend 錢 on 物 =物 cost sb.錢 , pay的過去式為paid 而不是payed. eg.I paid thirty yuan for the coat. =I spent thirty yuan on the coat.
=The coat cost me thirty yuan. 20.have been to 某人曾去過某地,現(xiàn)在人不在那兒
sb.have been in +地點 某人呆在某地(一段時間) have gone to 某人已去某地,人不在這兒
21.⑴ too…形容詞(副詞)+to…"太…而不能" "太…以致于不"
eg.①The basket is too heavy for me to carry. 這籃子太重我拿不動。 ②This colour TV is too expensive for us to buy. 這臺彩電對我們來說太貴了,買不起。
�、苨o...that 如此...以致于...上面的too...to結(jié)構(gòu)的句子,可以換成so...that 引導(dǎo)的句子轉(zhuǎn)換。①The basket is so heavy that I can‘t carry it. ②This colour TV is so expensive that we can‘t afford it.
22.What‘s the population of ...? ...人口有多少? 不說How much population in...?形容人口數(shù)量的大用large eg.The population of China is ten times as large as that of the USA
23.I‘ve come to return your pan. (我跑來是還你鍋的) →Why have you come? 而不用What
24.not...until (連詞)方才,才
eg.He says that he won‘t be free until tomorrow.他說他需到明天方才有空。 肯定句+until 到
eg.You‘d better wait until tomorrow. (你最好等到明天)
25.neither...nor... 既不...也不... either...or... 或者...或者...
eg.Neither Tom nor his brothers know how to spell the word "hundred".
Either you or she is right. (謂語動詞就近原則)
both...and... 兩者都... eg.Both Jim and I are in Grade One (主語看作復(fù)數(shù))
練習題:
1.-Where is Mary? -Oh, she _____ the librory.
A.has gone to B.went to C.has been to D.had gone to
2.He knew little about the film ____ he saw it yesterday evening.
A.if B.since C.until D.because
3.I____ change his mind. Don‘t worry, He‘ll surely come to get it.
A.think he won‘t B.think he will C.don‘t think he won‘t D.don‘t think he will
4.- _____do you_____ the TV play? - Not bad, I think.
A.How;think of B.What;like C.How;like D.What;think
5. I _____ have a good time _____ the party.
A.hope you will;at B.like you; on C.hope you to ;in D.want you that; from
完成句子:
1.中國有多少人口,中國的人口大約是世界人口的四分之一。 _____ the population of China?
It‘s about _____ ______ of the world‘s population.
2.門鈴一直響著,直到門被林濤打開才停。
The doorbell ______ _____until the door was opened by Lin Tao.
3.午飯后他休息了一會兒,我也休息了一會兒。
He had a short rest after lunch, and ______ ______ I.
4.史密斯夫婦離開他們的家鄉(xiāng)已有十多年時間了。
______ more than ten years ____ Mr and Mrs Smith left their home town.
5.公共汽車里擠得幾乎連站的地方都沒有.
The bus was_____ crowded that there was hardly ______ standing room in it.
思考題:
1、做飯花了她半個小時。 It ___ ____ half an hour ___ ___ some cooking.
=I ______ half an hour _______ some cooking.
2、你真好,經(jīng)常在數(shù)學(xué)上幫助我。 It‘s really nice _____ you to ____ me _____ my ______.
3、Lily跑得不快,贏不了比賽。
Lily ______ run quickly _____ ______ _____ the race.=Lily ____ ____ ___ ___ ____the race.
4、在美術(shù)課上做一張教師節(jié)卡片怎樣?
_____ ____ _____ a Teachers‘ Day card ____ the art lesson?
5、足球是我校最受歡迎的運動項目之一。
Football is ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ games in our school.
Have 的兩種特殊句型
have是英語中最活躍的動詞之一,它與不同的詞搭配表示不同的意思。如:have a meeting(開會),have a rest(休息),have a class(上課)等。你可知道have構(gòu)成的兩種特殊句型嗎?不看不知道,一看就明了。
1.have+賓語+省略to的動詞不定式
該句型中作主語的"人或物"讓作賓語的"人或物"去做某事。此時的賓語與省略to的不定式(賓語補足語)之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。如:I would have you buy a new bike. 我想讓你買輛新自行車。We can‘t have the car stop. 我們無法讓汽車停下來。
2.have+賓語+過去分詞
該句型中作主語的"人或物"讓作賓語的"人或物"被……。此時的賓語與過去分詞(賓語補足語)之間有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。如: I‘ll have my hair cut tomorrow.
我明天要理發(fā)。They have just had their car repaired.他們剛找人把車修理了一下。
注意:大多數(shù)情況下,這兩種句型之間可以互換。如:
1)He had me wash the table cloth.→He had the table cloth washed.
2) The man had the bike mended.→ The man had someone mend the bike.
練習:根據(jù)漢語意思,完成英語句子,每空一詞。
1.你應(yīng)該找人建一座房子。
You should have someone_____a house. You should have a house_____.
2.現(xiàn)在我們請下一位演講者到前面來。 Now we‘ll have the next speaker_____to the front.
3.你必須讓人把這些書送到教室去。
You must have these books_____ to the classroom
