新東方白易禮：英語四級考試語法筆記(六)

　　If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.

　　要是她工作更努力些，她本是成功的。

　　If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.

　　會上我沒有見到你妹妹。如果她來了，她就見到我哥哥了。

　　I didn’t see your younger sister at the meeting. If she had come, she would have met my elder brother.

　　3、表示與將來事實相反的假設，對將來表示懷疑，或將來的動作不太可能實現時，條件狀語從句和主句的謂語動詞有以下形式：(見表)

　　請看以下句子：

　　1)If it rains tomorrow, our picnic will be put off. (說明：The weather has been very changeable these days.) 條件狀語從句的謂語動詞用現在時，表示說話人認為下雨的可能性很大。

　　2)If it rained tomorrow, our picnic would be put off. (說明：The weather has been very good these days.) 條件狀語從句的謂語動詞用過去時，表示說話人認為下雨的可能性不大。

　　3)If it should rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off. (萬一明天下雨，我們的野餐就推遲)。條件狀語從句的謂語動詞用should+動詞原形，說明下雨的可能性很小或沒有可能，如果下雨，那將是出乎意料的。

　　4)If it were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.這句話與上一句意思幾乎一模一樣。

　　If I saw him tomorrow, I would pass your note to him.

　　If she were to miss the train tomorrow, she might come back and start off again the day after tomorrow.

　　萬一你失敗了，你準備怎么辦?

　　If you should fail, what would you do?

　　要是我明天真的見到她，我就把真相告訴她。

　　If I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her the truth.

　　萬一明天下雨，會議就推遲。

　　If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.

　　我打賭巴西會贏得世界杯。要是巴西輸了，我就請你搓一頓。

　　I bet Brazil will win the World Cup. If it should lose, I would treat you a meal.

　　4、當條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時間不一致時，動詞的形式要根據它所表示的時間來調整。這與以上三種情況不同，虛擬語氣的謂語動詞形式沒有遵循以上規(guī)律。

　　For example:

　　If you had worked hard, you would be very tired. (從句說的是過去，主句指的是現在。)

　　If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.

　　If I were you, I would have gone home.

　　Now let’s do some translation:

　　如果她過去沒有刻苦訓練的話，就不會跑得這么快。(從句動作指的是過去，主句指的是現在的情況)(Fact: She has trained very hard, so she is able to run very fast now.)

　　If she hadn’t trained so hard, she wouldn’t be able to run so fast.

　　如果你當初每天都練習說英語的話，你的英語就會說得很好。(從句動作指的是過去，主句指的是現在的情況) (fact: You didn’t practice speaking English very hard every day, so you can’t speak English very well )

　　If you had practiced speaking English every day, you would speak English well enough.