新東方白易禮：英語四級(jí)考試語法筆記(六)

　　I should have written the letter earlier. But I have been very busy.

　　要能登上珠穆朗瑪峰，那經(jīng)歷該多棒!

　　It would be a fantastic experience to climb up to Mount Everest.

　　6、虛擬語氣省略條件從句或主句

　　表示虛擬語氣的條件句的主句或從句有時(shí)可以省略，而省略部分的含義仍有所體現(xiàn)。

　　1)省略條件從句，如：

　　It would be very nice.

　　You could have done it yourself. (省略If you had wanted to.上下文可以看出You didn’t want to.) (Fact: You didn’t do the work yourself because you didn’t want to.)

　　I wouldn’t smoke. (省略If I were you.) (表面上說我，實(shí)際上說你。這是一種委婉的表達(dá)法。(Fact: You smoke very often. I advise you not to smoke any more.)

　　2)省略主句：在強(qiáng)調(diào)條件從句時(shí)，常省略主句，這種句子常表示一種“已不能實(shí)現(xiàn)”的愿望，主要用于If only 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中。

　　For example:

　　If only he were here!

　　If only I knew more!

　　If only he had stayed with us!

　　Now let’s do some translation:

　　要是我聽了他的建議就好了!

　　If only I had taken his advice!

　　我如果是一只鳥就好了!

　　If only I were a bird.

　　快用If only 造三個(gè)句子，表達(dá)你的愿望!

　　If only I could live in a big apartment!

　　If only I were a billionaire!

　　If only I could marry her/him!

　　(二)虛擬語氣的其他句型和用法

　　1、用在“wish+賓語從句”中，表示很難實(shí)現(xiàn)或不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，可以翻譯為“但愿…”, “悔不該…”等。表示現(xiàn)在不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式;表示將來的愿望，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用“would (could)+動(dòng)詞原形”;對(duì)過去的事情表示愿望，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用 “had+過去分詞” 或“could + have + 過去分詞”。Wish 后面的賓語從句必須用虛擬語氣，不管這個(gè)愿望是否能實(shí)現(xiàn)。如：

　　I wish it were Spring all the year round.

　　I wish you could go with us.

　　We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.

　　Now let’s do some translation using “wish”:

　　我要是Jane 就好了。

　　I wish I were Jane.

　　他真希望自己生活在中世紀(jì)。

　　He really wishes that he were living in the Middle Ages.

　　但愿北京整年是秋天。